Task-specific internal models for kinematic transformations.

Full Abstract

Numerous studies of motor learning have focused on how people adapt their reaching movements to novel dynamic and visuomotor perturbations that alter the actual or visually perceived motion of the hand. An important finding from this work is that learning of novel dynamics generalizes across different movement tasks. Thus adaptation to an unusual force field generalizes from center-out reaching movements to circular movements (Conditt et al. 1997). This suggests that subjects acquired an internal model of the dynamic environment that could be used to determine the motor commands needed for untrained movements. Using a task interference paradigm, we investigated whether transfer across tasks is also observed when learning visuomotor transformations. On day 1, all subjects adapted to a +30 degrees rotation while making center-out-and-back reaching movements. After a delay of 5 min, different groups of subjects then adapted to a -30 degrees rotation while performing either a continuous tracking task, a figure-eight drawing task, or the center-out-and-back reaching task. All subjects were then retested the next day on the +30 degrees rotation in the reaching task. As expected, subjects who experienced the opposing rotations while performing the same reaching tasks showed no retention of learning for the first rotation when tested on day 2 (Krakauer et al. 1999). In contrast, such retrograde interference was not observed in the two groups of subjects who experienced the opposing rotations while performing different tasks. In fact, their performance on day 2 was similar to that of control subjects who never experienced the opposite rotation. This lack of interference suggests that memory resources for visuomotor rotations are task specific.

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Author information

Author/s: Tong, Christine (C); Flanagan, J Randall (JR);

Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Canadian Institutes of Health Research Group in Sensory-Motor Systems, and Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Clinical Trial; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Journal of neurophysiology (J Neurophysiol), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2003-Aug; vol 90 (issue 2) : pp 578-85

Dates: Created 2003/08/07; Completed 2003/10/01; Revised 2006/11/15;

PMID: 12904486, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult
Biomechanics
Humans
Kinesthesis - physiology
Learning - physiology
Motor Skills - physiology
Movement - physiology

Movement - physiology
Orientation - physiology
Psychomotor Performance - physiology
Rotation
Task Performance and Analysis
Transfer (Psychology) - physiology
Visual Perception - physiology

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