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| Research article summary (published 30 May 2003): |
Selective inhibition in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder off and on stimulant medication.
Full Abstract
Selective inhibition requires discrimination between auditory signals and is assessed using a modification of the stop-signal task. Selective inhibition was assessed in a group of 59 clinic-referred, DSM-IV-diagnosed children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and compared to that of a community sample of 59 children. Methylphenidate (MPH) effects on selective inhibition were assessed in a subset of the ADHD sample that participated in an acute, randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial with 3 fixed doses of MPH. Children with ADHD performed more poorly than controls on the majority of selective stop-signal task parameters:
they exhibited more anticipatory (invalid) responses, with less accurate and more variable responses on the response execution task, as well as a slower selective inhibition process. MPH improved speed of both inhibition and response execution processes; it also reduced variability of response execution and decreased nonselective inhibition. On the one hand, findings are consistent with purported inhibition deficit in ADHD, but on the other hand, suggest that neither the impairment itself, nor MPH effects, were restricted to inhibition.
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Author information
Author/s: Bedard, Anne-Claude (AC); Ickowicz, Abel (A); Logan, Gordon D (GD); Hogg-Johnson, Sheilah (S); Schachar, Russell (R); Tannock, Rosemary (R);
Affiliation: Institute of Medical Science, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
Grants: R01HD31714 (Agency:United States NICHD)
Journal and publication information
Publication Type: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Journal: Journal of abnormal child psychology (J Abnorm Child Psychol), published in United States. (Language: eng)
Reference: 2003-Jun; vol 31 (issue 3) : pp 315-27
Dates: Created 2003/05/30; Completed 2003/09/02; Revised 2007/11/14;
PMID: 12774864, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)
Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.
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