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Research article summary:
Retrograde signaling in the regulation of synaptic transmission: focus on endocannabinoids.
Abstract Extract:
This review covers recent developments in the cellular neurophysiology of retrograde signaling in the mammalian central nervous system. Normally at a chemical synapse a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic element and diffuses to the ... (Full abstract text below) Published 2002Nov
in Journal: Prog Neurobiol
(Language : eng)
Full Pubmed Extract
This information was retrieved, real-time, on your behalf from the public area of the Pubmed website:
1. Prog Neurobiol.
2002 Nov;68(4):247-86
Retrograde signaling in the regulation of synaptic transmission: focus on endocannabinoids.
Alger BE
Department of Physiology and Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. balger@umaryland.edu
This review covers recent developments in the cellular neurophysiology of retrograde signaling in the mammalian central nervous system. Normally at a chemical synapse a neurotransmitter is released from the presynaptic element and diffuses to the postsynaptic element, where it binds to and activates receptors. In retrograde signaling a diffusible messenger is liberated from the postsynaptic element, and travels "backwards" across the synaptic cleft, where it activates receptors on the presynaptic cell. Receptors for retrograde messengers are usually located on or near the presynaptic nerve terminals, and their activation causes an alteration in synaptic transmitter release. Although often considered in the context of long-term synaptic plasticity, retrograde messengers have numerous roles on the short-term regulation of synaptic transmission. The focus of this review will be on a group of molecules from different chemical classes that appear to act as retrograde messengers. The evidence supporting their candidacy as retrograde messengers is considered and evaluated. Endocannabinoids have recently emerged as one of the most thoroughly investigated, and widely accepted, classes of retrograde messenger in the brain. The study of the endocannabinoids can therefore serve as a model for the investigation of other putative messengers, and most attention is devoted to a discussion of systems that use these new messenger molecules.
PMID : 12498988 [PubMed - Indexed for MEDLINE]
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Full Author Information
| First Name | LastName | Initials |
| Bradley E | Alger | BE |
Affiliation: Department of Physiology and Program in Neuroscience, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. balger@umaryland.edu
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Category links from this article:- Animals
- Central Nervous System
- Cerebellum - physiology
- Endocannabinoids
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated - pharmacology, physiology
- Hippocampus - physiology
- Homeostasis - physiology
- Humans
- Mammals
- Membrane Potentials - physiology
- Nerve Growth Factor - physiology
- Neural Inhibition - physiology
- Neuronal Plasticity - physiology
- Neuropeptides - physiology
- Neurotransmitter Agents - metabolism, physiology
- Presynaptic Terminals - physiology
- Receptors, Presynaptic - physiology
- Second Messenger Systems - physiology
- Signal Transduction - physiology
- Synaptic Transmission - physiology
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