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| Research article summary (published 8 Mar 2002): |
Psychological heterogeneity in AD/HD--a dual pathway model of behaviour and cognition.
Full Abstract
Psychological accounts have characterised attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) as either a neuro-cognitive disorder of regulation or a motivational style. Poor inhibitory control is thought to underpin AD/HD children's dysregulation while delay aversion is a dominant characteristic of their motivational style. A recent 'head to head' study of these two accounts suggest that delay aversion and poor inhibitory control are independent co-existing characteristics of AD/HD (combined type). In the present paper we build on these findings to propose a dual pathway model of AD/HD that recognises two quite distinct sub-types of the disorder. In one AD/HD is the result of the dysregulation of action and thought resulting from poor inhibitory control associated with the meso-cortical branch of the dopamine system projecting in the cortical control centres (e.g. pre-frontal cortex). In the other AD/HD is a motivational style characterised by an altered delay of reward gradient linked to the meso-limbic dopamine branch associated with the reward circuits (e.g. nucleus accumbens). The two pathways are further distinguished at the levels of symptoms, cognitive and motivation profiles and genetic and non-genetic origins.
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Author information
Author/s: Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J S (EJ);
Affiliation: Centre for Research into Psychological Development, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK. ejb3(-atsign-)soton.ac.uk
Journal and publication information
Publication Type: Journal Article; Review
Journal: Behavioural brain research (Behav Brain Res), published in Netherlands. (Language: eng)
Reference: 2002-Mar; vol 130 (issue 1-2) : pp 29-36
Dates: Created 2002/02/26; Completed 2002/05/16; Revised 2006/03/01;
PMID: 11864715, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)
Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.
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