The prediction of individual differences in response to D-amphetamine in healthy adults.

Full Abstract

Based on previous animal work, the present study investigated whether individual differences in motor activity in a novel environment predicted reinforcing and behaviorally activating effects of D-amphetamine (0, 5, 10 and 20 mg p.o.) in healthy adults. When exposed to a novel environment, 18 participants had high levels of motor activity (high responders; HR) and six had low levels (low responders; LR). These group differences were used to predict effects of D-amphetamine on drug reinforcement, salivary cortisol, motor activity, subjective effects, and acoustic startle reflex in subsequent sessions. Unlike observations in rodents, (1). dose-dependent reinforcing effects of D-amphetamine were evident but without group differences; (2). motor activity was greater in HR but did not vary with D-amphetamine dose; and (3). cortisol levels were not related to the reinforcing effects of D-amphetamine. Startle reflex amplitudes were greater in HR following placebo, but D-amphetamine 20 mg equalized this group difference. There was a trend towards less prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex in HR compared to LR. LR reported greater overall negative effect following amphetamine administration, but this was not consistently related to dose. Finally, participants with high sensation-seeking personality scores exhibited less prepulse inhibition. The results are discussed in terms of the extant literature.

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Author information

Author/s: Alessi, S M (SM); Greenwald, M (M); Johanson, C-E (CE);

Affiliation: University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut 06030, USA. alessi(-atsign-)psychiatry.uchc.edu

Grants: DA10239 (Agency:NIDA NIH HHS)

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Comparative Study; Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Journal: Behavioural pharmacology (Behav Pharmacol), published in England. (Language: eng)

Reference: 2003-Feb; vol 14 (issue 1) : pp 19-32

Dates: Created 2003/02/10; Completed 2003/07/02; Revised 2007/11/14;

PMID: 12576878, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 12/26/2008)

Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.

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MeSH headings (categories)

This article was linked to the MESH Headings shown below.

Adult
Blood Pressure - drug effects
Central Nervous System Stimulants - pharmacology
Choice Behavior - drug effects
Dextroamphetamine - pharmacology
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Female
Humans
Hydrocortisone - analysis

Hydrocortisone - analysis
Individuality
Inhibition (Psychology)
Male
Motor Activity - drug effects
Reinforcement (Psychology)
Saliva - chemistry
Sex Factors
Startle Reaction - drug effects

Associated Chemicals: Central Nervous System Stimulants (0) ; Hydrocortisone (50-23-7) ; Dextroamphetamine (51-64-9)

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