Research article summary:

Personality characteristics as predictors of underreporting of energy intake on 24-hour dietary recall interviews.

Abstract Extract:
OBJECTIVE: To identify characteristics associated with misreporting of energy intake during 24-hour dietary recalls (24 HR). DESIGN: Ninety-eight subjects were administered two 24 HRs. Energy expenditure was determined by doubly labeled water (44 ... (Full abstract text below)

Published 2003Sep in Journal: J Am Diet Assoc (Language : eng)

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1. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003 Sep;103(9):1146-51

Personality characteristics as predictors of underreporting of energy intake on 24-hour dietary recall interviews.

Novotny JA, Rumpler WV, Riddick H, Hebert JR, Rhodes D, Judd JT, Baer DJ, McDowell M, Briefel R

US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet and Human Performance Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. novotny@bhnrc.arsusda.gov

OBJECTIVE: To identify characteristics associated with misreporting of energy intake during 24-hour dietary recalls (24 HR). DESIGN: Ninety-eight subjects were administered two 24 HRs. Energy expenditure was determined by doubly labeled water (44 subjects) or intake balance (54 subjects). Data on subjects' physical, lifestyle, and psychosocial characteristics were also collected. Subjects/setting At the Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center 52 women and 46 men were administered 24HR and completed lifestyle and personality questionnaires and a memory test. Physical characteristics such as weight, percent body fat, and total energy expenditure were measured. Statistical analysis The influences of subject parameters on energy misreporting were assessed by linear regression and Pearson product-moment correlation analysis for continuous variables and by ANOVA for discrete variables. Stepwise regression was used to identify key factors in underreporting. RESULTS: Factors particularly important in predicting underreporting of energy intake include factors indicating dissatisfaction with body image; for example, a 398 kcal/day underreport in subjects attempting weight loss during the past year with a nearly 500 kcal/day underreport in women. Overall, women underreported by 393 kcal/day relative to men and women evinced a social desirability bias amounting to a 26 kcal underreport for each point on the social desirability scale. Gender differences also were evident in the effect of percent body fat (with men underreporting about 16 kcal/day/percent body fat) and in departure from self-reported ideal body weight (with women underreporting about 21 kcal/day/kg). APPLICATIONS/CONCLUSIONS: Body image and fatness are key factors on which health professionals should focus when seeking predictors of underreporting of dietary intake. Dietary interviews must be conducted to minimize bias related to subjects' tendencies to win approval and avoid censure by the interviewer. In addition, dissatisfaction with body image may lead to underestimation of food intake, therefore reducing likelihood of success in weight loss. Thus, health care professionals involved in weight loss counseling may achieve better success if treatment includes generating a more positive body image.

PMID : 12963942 [PubMed - Indexed for MEDLINE]

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Full Author Information

First Name	LastName	Initials
Janet A	Novotny	JA
William V	Rumpler	WV
Howard	Riddick	H
James R	Hebert	JR
Donna	Rhodes	D
Joseph T	Judd	JT
David J	Baer	DJ
Margaret	McDowell	M
Ronette	Briefel	R

Affiliation: US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet and Human Performance Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. novotny@bhnrc.arsusda.gov

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