Research article summary:

Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder revealed by reversal and extinction tasks.

Abstract Extract:
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been considered a mental illness in which the frontal lobe is dysfunctional. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) controls emotional and motivational behaviors which are impaired in ADHD. Patients with OFC ... (Full abstract text below)

Published 2002Dec in Journal: Neuroreport (Language : eng)

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1. Neuroreport. 2002 Dec;13(18):2453-7

Orbitofrontal cortex dysfunction in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder revealed by reversal and extinction tasks.

Itami S, Uno H

Department of Education for the Handicapped Children, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 942-1 Shimokume, Yashiro, Hyogo 674-1494, Japan.

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been considered a mental illness in which the frontal lobe is dysfunctional. The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) controls emotional and motivational behaviors which are impaired in ADHD. Patients with OFC damage have shown impaired performance in reversal and extinction tasks in a simple go/no-go paradigm. We assigned ADHD subjects the two tasks to examine a hypothesized dysfunction of OFC. ADHD subjects indeed showed a performance deficit in the tasks, supporting OFC dysfunction in ADHD. Furthermore, a discriminat analysis using the task performance variables correctly classified 89.7% of the participants among ADHD patients and normal controls.

PMID : 12499848 [PubMed - Indexed for MEDLINE]

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Full Author Information

First Name	LastName	Initials
Shouichi	Itami	S
Hiroyuki	Uno	H

Affiliation: Department of Education for the Handicapped Children, Hyogo University of Teacher Education, 942-1 Shimokume, Yashiro, Hyogo 674-1494, Japan.

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Category links from this article:

Adolescent
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis, physiopathology
Child
Extinction, Psychological
Humans
Male
Neuropsychological Tests
Prefrontal Cortex - physiopathology
Reversal Learning

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Keywords in this article:

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