Evidence for knowledge-based category discrimination in infancy.

Full Abstract

Two studies examined whether infants' category discrimination in an object-examination task was based solely on an ad hoc analysis of perceptual similarities among the experimental stimuli. In Experiment 1A, 11-month-olds examined four different exemplars of one superordinate category (animals or furniture) twice, followed by a new exemplar of the familiar category and an exemplar of the contrasting category. Group A (N = 39) explored natural-looking toy replicas with low between-category similarity, whereas group B (N = 40) explored artificial-looking toy models with high between-category similarity. Experiment 1B (N = 40) tested a group of 10-month-olds with the same design. Experiment 1C (N = 20) reversed the order of test trials. For Experiment 2 (N = 20), the same artificial-looking toy animals as in Experiment 1 (group B) were used for familiarization), but no category change was introduced at the end of the session. Infants' responses varied systematically only with the presence of a category change, and not with the degree of between-category similarity. This supports the hypothesis that performance was knowledge based.

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Author information

Author/s: Pauen, Sabina (S);

Affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Heidelberg, Germany. sabina.pauen(-atsign-)psychologie.uni-heidelberg.de

Journal and publication information

Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Journal: Child development (Child Dev), published in United States. (Language: eng)

Reference: -2002 Jul-Aug; vol 73 (issue 4) : pp 1016-33

Dates: Created 2002/07/30; Completed 2003/02/25; Revised 2006/11/15;

PMID: 12146730, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)

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