Research article summary:

The effects of tryptophan depletion on cognitive and affective processing in healthy volunteers.

Abstract Extract:
RATIONALE: Cognitive impairment is a common feature of depressive illness. While accumulating evidence suggests that brain serotonin (5-HT) pathways play an important role in the neurobiology of depression, the extent to which altered 5-HT function is ... (Full abstract text below)

Published 2002Aug in Journal: Psychopharmacology (Berl) (Language : eng)

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1. Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2002 Aug;163(1):42-53

The effects of tryptophan depletion on cognitive and affective processing in healthy volunteers.

Murphy FC, Smith KA, Cowen PJ, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ

MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, UK.

RATIONALE: Cognitive impairment is a common feature of depressive illness. While accumulating evidence suggests that brain serotonin (5-HT) pathways play an important role in the neurobiology of depression, the extent to which altered 5-HT function is responsible for the associated changes in cognition and emotion remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: The present study examined the effects of acute dietary depletion of tryptophan (TRP) on cognitive and affective processing in healthy volunteers and explored the putative role of 5-HT in the neuropsychology of depression. METHODS: We administered computerised cognitive tests to healthy control participants following ingestion of TRP-free and nutritionally balanced amino acid drinks in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover design. RESULTS: The TRP-free amino acid mixture significantly lowered plasma total and free TRP concentrations relative to baseline values and produced selective deficits similar to those observed previously in cases of clinical depression. In particular, TRP depletion increased response times for happy but not sad targets in an affective go/no-go task and slowed responding in a visual discrimination and reversal learning task. These deficits were not due to a global sedative effect, as planning ability was unimpaired. CONCLUSIONS: The present data indicate that serotonergic factors may be more involved in the disrupted inhibitory and emotional processing characteristic of depression than in other aspects of executive function, such as planning ability. These findings support the recent proposal that serotonergic manipulation may have greater effects on tasks mediated by frontal circuitry that includes the orbitofrontal cortex than by dorsolateral prefrontal cortex circuitry.

PMID : 12185399 [PubMed - Indexed for MEDLINE]

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Full Author Information

First Name	LastName	Initials
F C	Murphy	FC
K A	Smith	KA
P J	Cowen	PJ
T W	Robbins	TW
B J	Sahakian	BJ

Affiliation: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, 15 Chaucer Road, Cambridge CB2 2EF, UK.

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