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| Research article summary (published 30 May 2002): |
Comparison of constant and variable practice conditions on free-throw shooting.
Full Abstract
The proposition that variable practice may be superior to constant practice even for consistent transfer situations was tested on a prototypical consistently performed skill, the basketball free throw. 94 participants were matched on free-throw shooting, then randomly assigned to one of four practice conditions, a Constant condition, i.e., at the free-throw line, and three Variable conditions. Under supervision participants practiced shooting free throws four days a week for three weeks. Three substantially different variable practice conditions produced significant improvement similar to that of constant practice on tests during each week of practice and on a delayed retention test. Consistent with the proposition, the most variable practice group performed as well as the other groups on the retention test despite lower practice performance.
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Author information
Author/s: Shoenfelt, Elizabeth L (EL); Snyder, Leslie A (LA); Maue, Allison E (AE); McDowell, C Patrick (CP); Woolard, Christopher D (CD);
Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green 42101, USA. betsy.shoenfelt(-atsign-)wku.edu
Journal and publication information
Publication Type: Clinical Trial; Comparative Study; Journal Article; Randomized Controlled Trial
Journal: Perceptual and motor skills (Percept Mot Skills), published in United States. (Language: eng)
Reference: 2002-Jun; vol 94 (issue 3 Pt 2) : pp 1113-23
Dates: Created 2002/08/20; Completed 2002/09/24; Revised 2006/11/15;
PMID: 12186232, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)
Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.
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