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| Research article summary (published 27 Feb 2003): |
Attentional orienting towards smoking-related stimuli.
Full Abstract
According to incentive salience theory, conditioned stimuli (CS+) associated with drug reinforcement acquire the capacity to elicit a conditioned attentional orienting response, which controls drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviour. We sought evidence for this proposal by measuring visual attentional orienting towards smoking pictures presented briefly in the periphery of the visual field, versus control pictures likewise presented, in smokers versus non-smokers. In each trial, smokers and non-smokers responded manually to a dot probe stimulus that appeared in a location previously occupied by either a smoking picture or a control picture. Attentional bias scores were calculated by subtracting the median reaction time (RT) in the former condition from the median RT in the latter condition. In two experiments, light-smokers (smokers of fewer than 20 cigarettes/day) produced a mean bias score that was significantly greater than that of heavy-smokers (smokers of 20 or more cigarettes/day) and non-smokers. In addition, when smokers from the two experiments were pooled, a significant quadratic relationship was found between cigarettes/day and the attentional bias for the smoking stimuli. These findings are consistent with incentive salience theories and dual-process theories of addiction.
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Author information
Author/s: Hogarth, L C (LC); Mogg, K (K); Bradley, B P (BP); Duka, T (T); Dickinson, A (A);
Affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton. leeh@biols.susx.ac.uk
Journal and publication information
Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Journal: Behavioural pharmacology (Behav Pharmacol), published in England. (Language: eng)
Reference: 2003-Mar; vol 14 (issue 2) : pp 153-60
Dates: Created 2003/03/26; Completed 2003/09/03; Revised 2006/11/15;
PMID: 12658076, status: MEDLINE (last retrieval date: 11/6/2008)
Sourced from the National Library of Medicine. Abstract text and other information may be subject to copyright.
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