Reinforcement Schedule

1.

Acquisition of cup drinking using previously refused foods as positive and negative reinforcement.

We used previously refused foods as positive and negative reinforcement in the acquisition of cup drinking. Cup drinking increased with positive and negative reinforcement, both alone and in combination (without escape extinction), indicating that ...
Michael E Kelley, Cathleen C Piazza, Wayne W Fisher, Amanda J Oberdorff (J Appl Behav Anal, 2003SPRING)
acquisition-cup-drinking-previously-refused-foods-positive-negative.asp

2.

Human causality judgments and response rates on DRL and DRH schedules of reinforcement.

The effect of various relationships between a response (an investment made in the context of a game) and an outcome (a return on the investment) on judgments of the causal effectiveness of the response was examined. In Experiment 1, response rates and ...
Phil Reed (Learn Behav, 200305)
human-causality-judgments-response-rates-drl-drh-schedules.asp

3.

Delay discounting of real and hypothetical rewards.

The degree to which real and hypothetical rewards were discounted across delays ranging from 6 hr to 1 year was explored in a within-subjects design. An adjusting-amounts procedure was used to estimate the subjective value of real and hypothetical ...
Gregory J Madden, Andrea M Begotka, Bethany R Raiff, Lana L Kastern (Exp Clin Psychopharmacol, 200305)
delay-discounting-real-hypothetical-rewards.asp

4.

Comparison between two measures of delay discounting in smokers.

Agreement between computer and questionnaire measures of delay discounting in smokers was compared. Correlations between measures for small, medium, or large rewards were significant. Log k values decreased as the reward delay increased, with values ...
Leonard H Epstein, Jerry B Richards, Frances G Saad, Rocco A Paluch, James N Roemmich, Caryn Lerman (Exp Clin Psychopharmacol, 200305)
comparison-two-measures-delay-discounting-smokers.asp

5.

The S-S construct of expectancy versus the S-R construct of fear: which motivates the acquisition of avoidance behavior?

The authors provided a differential test between stimulus-stimulus (S-S) and stimulus-response (S-R) theory predictions in regard to the roles that the constructs of expectancy and of fear play in maintaining classically conditioned fear responding ...
William Unger, Ian M Evans, Patricia Rourke, Donald J Levis (J Gen Psychol, 200304)
s-s-construct-expectancy-versus-s-r-construct-fear-motivates.asp

6.

Effects of differences in interreinforcer intervals between past and current schedules on fixed-interval responding.

Undergraduates were exposed to a mixed fixed-ratio differential-reinforcement-of-low-rate schedule. Values of the schedule components were adjusted so that interreinforcer intervals in one component were longer than those in another component. Following ...
Hiroto Okouchi (J Exp Anal Behav, 200301)
effects-differences-interreinforcer-intervals-past-current-schedules.asp

7.

Effects of strategic versus tactical instructions on adaptation to changing contingencies in children with adhd.

This study examined the effects of two types of instructions on the academic responding of 4 children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Tactical instructions specified how to distribute responding between two concurrently available sets of ...
David E Bicard, Nancy A Neef (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002WINTER)
effects-strategic-versus-tactical-instructions-adaptation-changing.asp

8.

The effects of differential and lag reinforcement schedules on varied verbal responding by individuals with autism.

Variability has been shown to be a reinforceable dimension of behavior. One procedure that has been demonstrated to increase variability in basic research is the lag reinforcement schedule. On this type of schedule, a response is reinforced if it differs ...
Ronald Lee, Jennifer J McComas, Jennifer Jawor (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002WINTER)
effects-differential-lag-reinforcement-schedules-varied-verbal.asp

9.

On the status of knowledge for using punishment implications for treating behavior disorders.

In this paper, we review basic and applied findings on punishment and discuss the importance of conducting further research in this area. The characteristics of responding during punishment and numerous factors that interact with basic processes are ...
Dorothea C Lerman, Christina M Vorndran (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002WINTER)
status-knowledge-punishment-implications-treating-behavior-disorders.asp

10.

The effects of magnitude and quality of reinforcement on choice responding during play activities.

Three boys with autism participated in a study of the effects of magnitude and quality of reinforcement on choice responding. Two concurrent response alternatives were arranged: (a) to play in an area where a peer or sibling was located, or (b) to play ...
Hannah Hoch, Jennifer J McComas, LeAnn Johnson, Nicky Faranda, Shayna L Guenther (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002SUMMER)
effects-magnitude-quality-reinforcement-choice-responding-play.asp