Reinforcement (Psychology)

51.

Reinforcement magnitude and responding during treatment with differential reinforcement.

Basic findings indicate that the amount or magnitude of reinforcement can influence free-operant responding prior to and during extinction. In this study, the relation between reinforcement magnitude and adaptive behavior was evaluated with 3 children as ...
Dorothea C Lerman, Michael E Kelley, Christina M Vorndran, Stephanie A C Kuhn, Robert H LaRue (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002SPRING)
reinforcement-magnitude-responding-treatment-differential.asp

52.

Increasing social initiations in children with autism: effects of a tactile prompt.

An ABAB design was used to assess the effects of a tactile prompting device (i.e., a vibrating pager) as a prompt for the social initiations of 3 children with autism during free-play activities with typically developing peers. Results indicated that the ...
Daniel B Shabani, Roger C Katz, David A Wilder, Kenneth Beauchamp, Crystal R Taylor, Kirsten J Fischer (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002SPRING)
increasing-social-initiations-children-autism-effects-tactile-prompt.asp

53.

Functional analysis of stereotypical ear covering in a child with autism.

We studied stereotypical ear covering in a child with autism. Results of a descriptive analysis were inconclusive but revealed a correlation between ear covering and another childs screaming. An analogue functional analysis showed that ear covering was ...
Jung-Chang Tang, Craig H Kennedy, Amy Koppekin, Mary Caruso (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002SPRING)
functional-analysis-stereotypical-ear-covering-child-autism.asp

54.

Differential reinforcement with and without instructional fading.

We evaluated a differential-reinforcement-based treatment package for the reduction of problem behavior during instructional situations. Differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA; compliance) was implemented across two conditions. During ...
Joel E Ringdahl, Kana Kitsukawa, Marc S Andelman, Nathan Call, Lisa Winborn, Anjali Barretto, Gregory K Reed (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002FALL)
differential-reinforcement-instructional-fading.asp

55.

The influence of therapist attention on self-injury during a tangible condition.

This study investigated the effects of therapist attention on the self-injurious behavior (SIB) of a 6-year-old girl with developmental disabilities. After results of a functional analysis indicated that SIB was maintained by attention and tangible ...
James W Moore, Michael M Mueller, Melanie Dubard, Dannell S Roberts, Heather E Sterling-Turner (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002FALL)
influence-therapist-attention-self-injury-tangible-condition.asp

56.

The effects of a public address system on the off-task behavior of elementary physical education students.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of teacher feedback delivered via a public address system on the off-task behavior of elementary-school physical education students. A multiple baseline design across three classes was used in this ...
Stu Ryan, Tom Ormond, Charles Imwold, Rob J Rotunda (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002FALL)
effects-public-address-system-off-task-behavior-elementary-physical.asp

57.

Assessment of mand selection for functional communication training packages.

We evaluated the effects of training novel and existing mands during functional communication training (FCT) to decrease problem behavior for 2 children. A functional analysis (Phase 1) identified mands for FCT. Phase 2 used distinct stimulus conditions ...
Lisa Winborn, David P Wacker, David M Richman, Jennifer Asmus, Deb Geier (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002FALL)
assessment-mand-selection-functional-communication-training-packages.asp

58.

An evaluation of simultaneous and sequential presentation of preferred and nonpreferred food to treat food selectivity.

In the current investigation, we compared two methods of food presentation (simultaneous vs. sequential) to increase consumption of nonpreferred food for 3 children with food selectivity. In the simultaneous condition, preferred foods were presented at ...
Cathleen C Piazza, Meeta R Patel, Christine M Santana, Han Leong Goh, Michael D Delia, Blake M Lancaster (J Appl Behav Anal, 2002FALL)
evaluation-simultaneous-sequential-presentation-preferred.asp

59.

Caring for children and adolescents with autism who require challenging procedures.

Providing nursing care for children with autism or autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) can be challenging. As part of a larger study of 62 children with autism ages 3-8 years (Coplan et al., 2001; Levy et al., 2001) that required difficult procedures, ...
Margaret C Souders, Kathleen G Freeman, Denise DePaul, Susan E Levy (Pediatr Nurs, 200211-12)
caring-children-adolescents-autism-who-require-challenging-procedures.asp

60.

Acute effects of baclofen, a gamma-aminobutyric acid-B agonist, on laboratory measures of aggressive and escape responses of adult male parolees with and without a history of conduct disorder.

RATIONALE: The possible role of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in human aggression was evaluated by administering baclofen, a GABA-B agonist and comparing the effects on laboratory measures of aggression and escape among subjects with and without a ...
Don R Cherek, Scott D Lane, Cynthia J Pietras, Jennifer Sharon, Joel L Steinberg (Psychopharmacology (Berl), 200211)
acute-effects-baclofen-gamma-aminobutyric-acid-b-agonist-laboratory.asp