Reading

21.

Distinct subsystems for the parafoveal processing of spatial and linguistic information during eye fixations in reading.

Two experiments examined readers use of parafoveally obtained word length information for word recognition. Both experiments manipulated the length (number of constituent characters) of a parafoveally previewed target word so that it was either ...
Albrecht W Inhoff, Ralph Radach, Brianna M Eiter, Barbara Juhasz (Q J Exp Psychol A, 200307)
distinct-subsystems-parafoveal-processing-spatial-linguistic.asp

22.

Low-level predictive inference in reading: the influence of transitional probabilities on eye movements.

We report the results of an investigation into the ability of transitional probability (word-to-word contingency statistics) to account for reading behaviour. Using a corpus of eye movements recorded during the reading of newspaper text, we demonstrate ...
Scott A McDonald, Richard C Shillcock (Vision Res, 200307)
low-level-predictive-inference-reading-influence-transitional.asp

23.

Delayed flanker effects on lateralized readiness potentials.

When participants were required to respond to a relevant central target and ignore irrelevant flanking stimuli, the flankers produced a response compatibility effect. Electrophysiological studies have shown that irrelevant flanker stimuli can affect the ...
Uwe Mattler (Exp Brain Res, 200307)
delayed-flanker-effects-lateralized-readiness-potentials.asp

24.

Cortical effects of shifting letter position in letter strings of varying length.

Neuroimaging and lesion studies suggest that occipito-temporal brain areas play a necessary role in recognizing a wide variety of objects, be they faces, letters, numbers, or household items. However, many questions remain regarding the details of ...
Piers Cornelissen, Antti Tarkiainen, Päivi Helenius, Riitta Salmelin (J Cogn Neurosci, 200307)
cortical-effects-shifting-letter-position-letter-strings-varying.asp

25.

Working memory and lexical ambiguity resolution as revealed by ERPs: a difficult case for activation theories.

This series of three event-related potential experiments explored the issue of whether the underlying mechanism of working memory (WM) supporting language processing is inhibitory or activational in nature. These different cognitive mechanisms have been ...
Thomas C Gunter, Susanne Wagner, Angela D Friederici (J Cogn Neurosci, 200307)
working-memory-lexical-ambiguity-resolution-revealed-erps-difficult.asp

26.

Cognitive consequences of early phase of literacy.

The effect of the degree of illiteracy (complete or incomplete) on phonological skills, verbal and visual memory and visuospatial skills is examined in 97 normal Brazilian adults who considered themselves illiterate, and 41 Brazilian school children aged ...
Georges Dellatolas, Lucia Willadino Braga, Ligia do Nascimento Souza, Gilberto Nunes Filho, Elizabeth Queiroz, Gerard Deloche (J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 200307)
cognitive-consequences-early-phase-literacy.asp

27.

Cognitive reserve modulates functional brain responses during memory tasks: a PET study in healthy young and elderly subjects.

Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability of an individual to cope with advancing brain pathology so that he remains free of symptomatology. Epidemiological evidence and in vivo neurometabolic data suggest that CR may be mediated through education or IQ. The ...
Nikolaos Scarmeas, Eric Zarahn, Karen E Anderson, John Hilton, Joseph Flynn, Ronald L Van Heertum, Harold A Sackeim, Yaakov Stern (Neuroimage, 200307)
cognitive-reserve-modulates-functional-brain-responses-memory-tasks.asp

28.

The myth of the visual word form area.

Recent functional imaging studies have referred to a posterior region of the left midfusiform gyrus as the "visual word form area" (VWFA). We review the evidence for this claim and argue that neither the neuropsychological nor neuroimaging data are ...
Cathy J Price, Joseph T Devlin (Neuroimage, 200307)
myth-visual-word-form-area.asp

29.

Saccadic and perceptual performance in visual search tasks. II. Letter discrimination.

Can the oculomotor system use shape cues to guide search saccades? Observers searched for target letters (D, U, or X) among distractors (the letter O in the discrimination task and blank locations in the detection task) in Gaussian white noise. We ...
Richard F Murray, Brent R Beutter, Miguel P Eckstein, Leland S Stone (J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis, 200307)
saccadic-perceptual-performance-visual-search-tasks-ii-letter.asp

30.

Age deficits in learning sequences of spoken words.

Previous research has demonstrated age-related deficits in implicit learning of visual sequences characterized by subtle predictive relationships among the sequence elements. This study investigates whether this reflects modality-specific, or more ...
Nancy A Dennis, James H Howard, Darlene V Howard (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200307)
age-deficits-learning-sequences-spoken-words.asp