Reaction Time

291.

A unifying basis of auditory thresholds based on temporal summation.

Thresholds of auditory-nerve (AN) fibers and auditory neurons are commonly specified in terms of sound pressure only, implying that they are independent of time. At the perceptual level, however, the sound pressure required for detection decreases with ...
Peter Heil, Heinrich Neubauer (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 200305)
unifying-basis-auditory-thresholds-based-temporal-summation.asp

292.

Reasoning, models, and images: behavioral measures and cortical activity.

The goal of this study was to investigate the neurocognitive processes of mental imagery in deductive reasoning. Behavioral studies yielded four sorts of verbal relations: (1) visuospatial relations that are easy to envisage both visually and spatially; ...
Markus Knauff, Thomas Fangmeier, Christian C Ruff, P N Johnson-Laird (J Cogn Neurosci, 200305)
reasoning-models-images-behavioral-measures-cortical-activity.asp

293.

Feedback in hypothesis testing: an ERP study.

We used event-related potentials (ERPs) to probe the effects of feedback in a hypothesis testing (HT) paradigm. Thirteen college students serially tested hypotheses concerning a hidden rule by judging its presence or absence in triplets of digits and ...
David Papo, Pierre-Marie Baudonnière, Laurent Hugueville, Jean-Paul Caverni (J Cogn Neurosci, 200305)
feedback-hypothesis-testing-erp-study.asp

294.

Individual differences in prefrontal cortical activation on the Tower of London planning task: implication for effortful processing.

Solving challenging (effortful) problems is known to involve the dorsal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in normal volunteers, although there is considerable individual variation. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we show that ...
F Cazalis, R Valabrègue, M Pélégrini-Issac, S Asloun, T W Robbins, S Granon (Eur J Neurosci, 200305)
individual-differences-prefrontal-cortical-activation-tower-london.asp

295.

NMDA receptor activity and the transmission of sensory input into motor output in introverts and extraverts.

Recent research suggests that individual differences in brain dopamine functioning may be related to the personality dimension of extraversion. The major goal of the present study was to answer the question of whether a pharmacologically induced change ...
Thomas H Rammsayer (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200305)
nmda-receptor-activity-transmission-sensory-input-motor-output.asp

296.

Short-term immobilization after eccentric exercise. Part I: contractile properties.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the compound muscle action potential (M-wave) and evoked contractile properties of immobilized muscle after high-force eccentric exercise. We believed that changes in these variables would contribute to ...
Stephen P Sayers, Brian T Peters, Christopher A Knight, Maria L Urso, Jascha Parkington, Priscilla M Clarkson (Med Sci Sports Exerc, 200305)
short-term-immobilization-after-eccentric-exercise-part-contractile.asp

297.

The time-organized map algorithm: extending the self-organizing map to spatiotemporal signals.

The new time-organized map (TOM) is presented for a better understanding of the self-organization and geometric structure of cortical signal representations. The algorithm extends the common self-organizing map (SOM) from the processing of purely spatial ...
Jan C Wiemer (Neural Comput, 200305)
time-organized-map-algorithm-extending-self-organizing-map.asp

298.

Alcohol, aging, and cognitive performance: a cross-cultural comparison.

This study investigated the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive performance in two culturally diverse community-based populations. METHODS. A cross-sectional analysis was used including Japanese Americans (n = 1,836) and Caucasians (n ...
Gail E Bond, Robert Burr, Madeline Murguia Rice, Susan M McCurry, Amy Borenstein Graves, Linda Teri, James D Bowen, Wayne C McCormick, Eric B Larson (J Aging Health, 200305)
alcohol-aging-cognitive-performance-cross-cultural-comparison.asp

299.

Effects of induced emotional state on lexical processing in younger and older adults.

The authors investigated the effects of an induced emotional mood state on lexical decision task (LDT) performance in 50 young adults and 25 older adults. Participants were randomly assigned to either happy or sad mood induction conditions. An emotional ...
F Richard Ferraro, Brent King, Beth Ronning, Krista Pekarski, Jessica Risan (J Psychol, 200305)
effects-induced-emotional-state-lexical-processing-younger-older.asp

300.

Effects of negation and situational presence on the accessibility of text information.

In 2 experiments, participants read narratives containing a color term that was mentioned either within the scope of an explicit negative or not, and with the described situation being such that the color was either present or not. Accessibility of the ...
Barbara Kaup, Rolf A Zwaan (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200305)
effects-negation-situational-presence-accessibility-text-information.asp