Reaction Time

211.

Eye movements to smoking-related pictures in smokers: relationship between attentional biases and implicit and explicit measures of stimulus valence.

AIMS: To investigate biases in overt orienting of attention to smoking-related cues in cigarette smokers, and to examine the relationship between measures of visual orienting and the affective and motivational valence of smoking cues. DESIGN: Smokers and ...
Karin Mogg, Brendan P Bradley, Matt Field, Jan De Houwer (Addiction, 200306)
eye-movements-smoking-related-pictures-smokers-relationship.asp

212.

Rhythmic oscillations in the performance of a sustained attention task.

Attempts to sustain a narrow focus of attention over a long period of time are effortful and are punctuated by lapses. Most studies of sustained attention performance obscure the presence and pattern oflapses by reporting measures that are summed across ...
Kevin J Smith, Dominic A Valentino, James E Arruda (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 200306)
rhythmic-oscillations-performance-sustained-attention-task.asp

213.

The Snodgrass and Vanderwart set revisited: norms for object manipulability and for pictorial ambiguity of objects, chimeric objects, and nonobjects.

In this paper, we propose a standardized set of 480 black-and-white line drawings, half meaningful and half meaningless. Meaningful pictures represent a common object, and were selected from the Snodgrass and Vanderwart set (1980). Meaningless pictures ...
M N Magnié, M Besson, M Poncet, C Dolisi (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 200306)
snodgrass-vanderwart-set-revisited-norms-object-manipulability.asp

214.

Mismatch negativity to pitch change: varied stimulus proportions in controlling effects of neural refractoriness on human auditory event-related brain potentials.

Based on a memory-comparison process, changes in the pitch of repetitive sounds are pre-attentively detected, reflected by the mismatch negativity (MMN) event-related brain potential (ERP). In such oddball sequences, ERP responses are also affected by ...
Thomas Jacobsen, Erich Schröger, Thorsten Horenkamp, István Winkler (Neurosci Lett, 200306)
mismatch-negativity-pitch-change-varied-stimulus-proportions.asp

215.

Cancelling of pursuit and saccadic eye movements in humans and monkeys.

The countermanding paradigm provides a useful tool for examining the mechanisms responsible for cancelling eye movements. The key feature of this paradigm is that, on a minority of trials, a stop signal is introduced some time after the appearance of the ...
Krista Kornylo, Natalie Dill, Melissa Saenz, Richard J Krauzlis (J Neurophysiol, 200306)
cancelling-pursuit-saccadic-eye-movements-humans-monkeys.asp

216.

The allocation of attention during locomotion is altered by anxiety.

We tested the hypotheses that: (1) anxiety regarding the possibility of falling alters the attentional demands of gait; and (2) this alteration in the attentional requirements of gait occurs independently of gait pattern accommodations. Sixteen younger ...
William H Gage, Ryan J Sleik, Melody A Polych, Nicole C McKenzie, Lesley A Brown (Exp Brain Res, 200306)
allocation-attention-locomotion-altered-anxiety.asp

217.

Effects of age and speed of processing on rCBF correlates of syntactic processing in sentence comprehension.

Positron emission tomography (PET) was used to determine the effect of age on regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during syntactic processing in sentence comprehension. PET activity associated with making plausibility judgments about syntactically more ...
David Caplan, Gloria Waters, Nathaniel Alpert (Hum Brain Mapp, 200306)
effects-age-speed-processing-rcbf-correlates-syntactic-processing.asp

218.

Distractor interference in selective reaching: dissociating distance and grouping effects.

In the present experiment, the authors sought to differentiate between a distance and a grouping explanation for the symmetric versus asymmetric patterns of distractor interference in selective reaching. Participants (N = 16) pointed to a green target ...
Ron F Keulen, Jos J Adam, Martin H Fischer, Harm Kuipers, Jelle Jolles (J Mot Behav, 200306)
distractor-interference-selective-reaching-dissociating-distance.asp

219.

Motor responses evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation in the ulnar innervation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: the effect of upper and lower motor neuron lesion.

We studied the upper (UMN) and lower motor neuron (LMN) innervations of 159 hands from 81 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Eleven patients with various chronic LMN disorders causing weakness in the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle ...
Mamede de Carvalho, Antónia Turkman, Michael Swash (J Neurol Sci, 200306)
motor-responses-evoked-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-peripheral.asp

220.

Conscious control over the content of unconscious cognition.

Visual stimuli (primes) presented too briefly to be consciously identified can nevertheless affect responses to subsequent stimuli - an instance of unconscious cognition. There is a lively debate as to whether such priming effects originate from ...
Wilfried Kunde, Andrea Kiesel, Joachim Hoffmann (Cognition, 200306)
conscious-control-over-content-unconscious-cognition.asp