Problem Solving

71.

The mental representation of ordinal sequences is spatially organized.

In the domain of numbers the existence of spatial components in the representation of numerical magnitude has been convincingly demonstrated by an association between number magnitude and response preference with faster left- than right-hand responses ...
Wim Gevers, Bert Reynvoet, Wim Fias (Cognition, 200304)
mental-representation-ordinal-sequences-spatially-organized.asp

72.

Addressing hopelessness in people with suicidal ideation: building upon the therapeutic relationship utilizing a cognitive behavioural approach.

This article reports on how the therapeutic relationship can be enhanced by utilizing a cognitive behavioural approach when dealing with hopelessness in suicidal people. A rationale is presented regarding why this topic is deemed important. Following a ...
S Collins, J R Cutcliffe (J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 200304)
addressing-hopelessness-people-suicidal-ideation-building-therapeutic.asp

73.

The development of geographic categories and biases.

Children and university students (N=58) estimated the locations of major cities in North America. At age 9, a distinct home region was apparent, but no differentiation between northern US and Canadian cities. At 11, four developments were observed: ...
Dennis D Kerkman, Alinda Friedman, Norman R Brown, David Stea, Alanna Carmichael (J Exp Child Psychol, 200304)
development-geographic-categories-biases.asp

74.

Switching between tasks of unequal familiarity: the role of stimulus-attribute and response-set selection.

It has been reported that it is harder to switch to a strong, well-practiced task from a weaker, less-practiced task than vice versa. Three experiments replicated this surprising asymmetry and investigated how it is affected by a reduction in ...
Nick Yeung, Stephen Monsell (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 200304)
switching-tasks-unequal-familiarity-role-stimulus-attribute-response.asp

75.

Becoming a physician: students creative projects in a third-year IM clerkship.

PURPOSE: Medical educators have only limited understanding of how integrating humanities-based components into standard curricula contributes to the medical students professionalism. This study qualitatively analyzed how students used a creative-project ...
Lloyd Rucker, Johanna Shapiro (Acad Med, 200304)
becoming-physician-students-creative-projects-third-year-im-clerkship.asp

76.

Cognitive flexibility and adaptability to environmental changes in dynamic complex problem-solving tasks.

People who show good performance in dynamic complex problem-solving tasks can also make errors. Theories of human error fail to fully explain when and why good performers err. Some theories would predict that these errors are to some extent the ...
José Cañas, José F Quesada, Adoración Antolí, Inmaculada Fajardo (Ergonomics, 200304)
cognitive-flexibility-adaptability-environmental-changes-dynamic.asp

77.

Behavioral dynamics of steering, obstacle avoidance, and route selection.

The authors investigated the dynamics of steering and obstacle avoidance, with the aim of predicting routes through complex scenes. Participants walked in a virtual environment toward a goal (Experiment 1) and around an obstacle (Experiment 2) whose ...
Brett R Fajen, William H Warren (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 200304)
behavioral-dynamics-steering-obstacle-avoidance-route-selection.asp

78.

Task goals and change in dynamical degrees of freedom with motor learning.

In this article, the authors examined the hypothesis that the direction of the change (increase or decrease) in the dynamical degrees of freedom (dimension) regulated as a function of motor learning is task-dependent. Adult participants learned 1 of 2 ...
Karl M Newell, Michael P Broderick, Katherine M Deutsch, Andrew B Slifkin (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 200304)
task-goals-change-dynamical-degrees-freedom-motor-learning.asp

79.

Mutual interpersonal postural constraints are involved in cooperative conversation.

The research was designed to evaluate interpersonal coordination during conversation with a new measurement tool. The experiment uses an analysis based on recurrence strategies, known as cross recurrence quantification, to evaluate the shared activity ...
Kevin Shockley, Marie-Vee Santana, Carol A Fowler (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 200304)
mutual-interpersonal-postural-constraints-involved-cooperative.asp

80.

Representing spatial location and layout from sparse kinesthetic contacts.

Participants fingers were guided to 2 locations on a table for 3 s, then back to the start. They reported distances and angles between the locations by (a) replacing 1 or 2 fingers, (b) translating the contacted configuration, or (c) estimating distance ...
Roberta L Klatzky, Susan J Lederman (J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform, 200304)
representing-spatial-location-layout-sparse-kinesthetic-contacts.asp