Problem Solving

491.

The development of internal representations of magnitude and their association with Arabic numerals.

Developmental aspects of number concepts were evaluated using participants from the beginning and end of first grade (6-7 years old), third and fifth grades (7-11 years old), and university (22 years old). Participants evaluated the numerical value or ...
Orly Rubinsten, Avishai Henik, Andrea Berger, Sharon Shahar-Shalev (J Exp Child Psychol, 200201)
development-internal-representations-magnitude-association-arabic.asp

492.

Does representational momentum reflect a distortion of the length or the endpoint of a trajectory?

Observers viewed a moving target, and after the target vanished, indicated either the initial position or the final position of the target. In Experiment 1, an auditory tone cued observers to indicate either the initial position or the final position; in ...
Timothy L Hubbard, Michael A Motes (Cognition, 200201)
representational-momentum-reflect-distortion-length-or-endpoint.asp

493.

A multidimensional scaling approach to mental multiplication.

Adults consistently make errors in solving simple multiplication problems. These errors have been explained with reference to the interference between similar problems. In this paper, we apply multidimensional scaling (MDS) to the domain of ...
Thomas L Griffiths, Michael L Kalish (Mem Cognit, 200201)
multidimensional-scaling-approach-mental-multiplication.asp

494.

The revised scale for caregiving self-efficacy: reliability and validity studies.

Two samples of family caregivers (Study 1: N = 169; Study 2: N = 145) of cognitively impaired older adults were used to revise, extend, and evaluate a measure of perceived self-efficacy for caregiving tasks. The Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy ...
Ann M Steffen, Christine McKibbin, Antonette M Zeiss, Dolores Gallagher-Thompson, Albert Bandura (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200201)
revised-scale-caregiving-self-efficacy-reliability-validity-studies.asp

495.

The locus and nature of semantic congruity in symbolic comparison: evidence from the Stroop effect.

Pictures of animals with names of animals printed within the pictures were presented for comparative judgments of size based on either the pictures or the names. The picture-word compounds were compared faster with picture than with word as the relevant ...
Samuel Shaki, Daniel Algom (Mem Cognit, 200201)
locus-nature-semantic-congruity-symbolic-comparison-evidence-stroop.asp

496.

Comprehending spoken metaphoric reference: a real-time analysis.

Speakers and writers often use metaphor to describe someone or something in a referential fashion (e.g., The creampuff didnt show up for the fight to refer to a cowardly boxer). Research has demonstrated that readers do not comprehend metaphoric ...
Mark T Stewart, Roberto R Heredia (Exp Psychol, 2002)
comprehending-spoken-metaphoric-reference-real-time-analysis.asp

497.

The influence of increased muscle spindle sensitivity on Achilles tendon jerk and H-reflex in relaxed human subjects.

Whether the fusimotor system contributes to reflex gain changes during reinforcement maneuvers is re-examined in the light of new data. Recently, from direct recordings of spindle afferent activity originating from ankle flexor muscles, we showed that ...
Christiane Rossi-Durand (Somatosens Mot Res, 2002)
influence-increased-muscle-spindle-sensitivity-achilles-tendon-jerk-h.asp

498.

Single-use versus mixed-use learning of transformations: evidence for conceptual integration.

The principle of use-specificity proposes that "compiled" knowledge encapsulates the knowledge use in the acquisition context. The efficiency of knowledge use should be a monotone function of use-specific practice. Transfer between different uses of ...
Burkhard Müller (Exp Psychol, 2002)
single-versus-mixed-learning-transformations-evidence-conceptual.asp

499.

The malleability of anchoring effects.

Anchoring effects--the assimilation of a numeric estimate to a previously considered standard--are typically described as very robust and persistent. Based on the assumption that judgmental anchoring involves a hypothesis-testing process in which judges ...
Thomas Mussweiler (Exp Psychol, 2002)
malleability-anchoring-effects.asp

500.

Cognition in a patient with very mild right-sided hemiparkinsonism.

Non-demented patients with Parkinsons disease (PD), especially if they are high functioning and early in the course of their disease, usually exhibit mild deficits in anterograde recall memory for verbal and non-verbal material, visuospatial reasoning, ...
William W Beatty (Neurocase, 2002)
cognition-patient-mild-right-sided-hemiparkinsonism.asp