Problem Solving

451.

Everyday problem solving in African Americans and European Americans with Alzheimers disease: an exploratory study.

In this exploratory study, we compared the performance of 10 African American and 26 European American persons with early- to mid-stage Alzheimers disease (AD) to 20 nondemented elderly (NE), using a shortened version of the Test of Problem Solving ...
Danielle N Ripich, Thomas Fritsch, Elaine Ziol (Int Psychogeriatr, 200203)
everyday-problem-solving-african-americans-european-americans.asp

452.

Experiencing oneself vs another person as being the cause of an action: the neural correlates of the experience of agency.

The present study is aimed at identifying the neural correlates of two kinds of attribution: experiencing oneself as the cause of an action (the sense of agency) or experiencing another person as being the cause of that action. The experimental ...
C Farrer, C D Frith (Neuroimage, 200203)
experiencing-oneself-vs-person-cause-action-neural-correlates.asp

453.

Anatomic constraints on cognitive theories of category specificity.

Many cognitive theories of semantic organization stem from reports of patients with selective, category-specific deficits for particular classes of objects (e.g., fruit). The anatomical assumptions underlying the competing claims can be evaluated with ...
J T Devlin, C J Moore, C J Mummery, M L Gorno-Tempini, J A Phillips, U Noppeney, R S J Frackowiak, K J Friston, C J Price (Neuroimage, 200203)
anatomic-constraints-cognitive-theories-category-specificity.asp

454.

Why are we good at detecting cheaters? A reply to Fodor.

It is argued that the recent criticism by Fodor (Cognition 75 (2000) 29) of "cheater detection" in the Wason selection task is based upon a false presumption about what the task entails. Fodor compares two different ways of presenting the task, rather ...
C Philip Beaman (Cognition, 200203)
why-good-detecting-cheaters-reply-fodor.asp

455.

Personality traits and existential concerns as predictors of the functions of reminiscence in older adults.

This study examines to what extent personality and existential constructs predict the frequency of reminiscence, in general, and its various functions, in particular. Eighty-nine older adults completed the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, the Life Attitude ...
Philippe Cappeliez, Norm ORourke (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200203)
personality-traits-existential-concerns-predictors-functions.asp

456.

Positive mood and executive function: evidence from stroop and fluency tasks.

Contrasting predictions have been made about the effects of positive mood states on the performance of frontal lobe tests that tap executive functions such as inhibition, switching, and strategy use. It has been argued that positive mood is likely to ...
Louise H Phillips, Rebecca Bull, Ewan Adams, Lisa Fraser (Emotion, 200203)
positive-mood-executive-function-evidence-stroop-fluency-tasks.asp

457.

Evidence for an association between gender-role identity and a measure of executive function.

Two studies assessed the relation between gender role and executive function. In Study One (N = 234) analyses indicated that among college students executive function, assessed by the Coolidge and Griego scale, is related to masculine gender-role ...
Jill M Norvilitis, Howard M Reid (Psychol Rep, 200202)
evidence-association-gender-role-identity-measure-executive-function.asp

458.

Cognitive effects of 10 years of hormone-replacement therapy with tibolone.

In an open study, self-ratings of bodily symptoms, mood (before and after stress), and cognitive performance were investigated in 25 women (aged 54-66 years) who for approximately 10 years had been taking an oral preparation of hormone replacement ...
Emma Fluck, Sandra E File, Janice Rymer (J Clin Psychopharmacol, 200202)
cognitive-effects-years-hormone-replacement-therapy-tibolone.asp

459.

Getting the truth into workplace surveys.

Theres no doubt that companies can benefit from workplace surveys and questionnaires. Good surveys accurately home in on the problems the company wants information about. They are designed so that as many people as possible actually respond. And good ...
Palmer Morrel-Samuels (Harv Bus Rev, 200202)
getting-truth-workplace-surveys.asp

460.

Emerging paradigms of cognition in medical decision-making.

The limitations of the classical or traditional paradigm of decision research are increasingly apparent, even though there has been a substantial body of empirical research on medical decision-making over the past 40 years. As decision-support technology ...
Vimla L Patel, David R Kaufman, Jose F Arocha (J Biomed Inform, 200202)
emerging-paradigms-cognition-medical-decision-making.asp