Problem Solving

401.

Auld lang syne: success predictors, change processes, and self-reported outcomes of New Years resolvers and nonresolvers.

New Years resolvers (n = 159) and comparable nonresolvers interested in changing a problem later (n = 123) were followed for six months via telephone interviews to determine their self-reported outcomes, predictors of success, and change processes. The ...
John C Norcross, Marci S Mrykalo, Matthew D Blagys (J Clin Psychol, 200204)
auld-lang-syne-success-predictors-change-processes-self-reported.asp

402.

The balance beam in the balance: reflections on rules, relational complexity, and developmental processes.

The lead articles by Jansen and van der Maas (2002, this issue) and Halford, Andrews, Dalton, Boag, and Zielinski (2002, this issue) raise numerous questions concerning the development of rule use and how best to assess it. In this Reflection, we focus ...
Philip David Zelazo, Ulrich Müller (J Exp Child Psychol, 200204)
balance-beam-balance-reflections-rules-relational-complexity.asp

403.

About spatial intelligence: I.

Spatial intelligence is characterized in terms of a continuum of research perspectives which range from a physiological or sensory awareness to a complex thought and cultural ...
John Eliot (Percept Mot Skills, 200204)
spatial-intelligence-i.asp

404.

The development of childrens rule use on the balance scale task.

Cognitive development can be characterized by a sequence of increasingly complex rules or strategies for solving problems. Our work focuses on the development of childrens proportional reasoning, assessed by the balance scale task using Sieglers (1976, ...
Brenda R J Jansen, Han L J van der Maas (J Exp Child Psychol, 200204)
development-children-s-rule-balance-scale-task.asp

405.

Development of rules and strategies: balancing the old and the new.

The experiments described in the lead articles replicate findings from previous studies of development of knowledge about balance scales, add several new findings, and raise four key questions: (a) How can rule use best be assessed? (b) How can we ...
Robert S Siegler, Zhe Chen (J Exp Child Psychol, 200204)
development-rules-strategies-balancing-old-new.asp

406.

Error rate and outcome predictability affect neural activation in prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate during decision-making.

Decision-making in the presence of uncertainty is a complex process that involves both affective and cognitive factors. Both error rate and predictability have been implicated in the process of response selection during decision-making. This study ...
Martin P Paulus, Nikki Hozack, Lawrence Frank, Gregory G Brown (Neuroimage, 200204)
error-rate-outcome-predictability-affect-neural-activation-prefrontal.asp

407.

An intervention trial to improve adherence to community treatment by adolescents after a suicide attempt.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a problem-solving intervention would increase adherence to outpatient treatment for adolescents after a suicide attempt. METHOD: Sixty-three adolescents who had attempted suicide and were evaluated in an emergency ...
Anthony Spirito, Julie Boergers, Deidre Donaldson, Duane Bishop, William Lewander (J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 200204)
intervention-trial-improve-adherence-community-treatment-adolescents.asp

408.

The use of heuristics during route planning by expert and novice orienteers.

Expert orienteers have reported using two heuristics when planning routes to points in the environment that must be located, known as controls. These heuristics constitute attending to the start first and subsequently planning forward to a given control, ...
David W Eccles, Susanne E Walsh, David K Ingledew (J Sports Sci, 200204)
heuristics-route-planning-expert-novice-orienteers.asp

409.

Procedural memory in schizophrenia assessed using a mirror reading task.

The preservation of procedural memory in individuals with schizophrenia has been confirmed by methods such as the Tower of Hanoi, pursuit rotor and mirror reading tests. However, the cognitive procedural memory of Japanese subjects with schizophrenia has ...
Kazuko Takano, Mitsuhiro Ito, Koji Kobayashi, Natsumi Sonobe, Sadatoshi Kurosu, Yukiko Mori, Satoshi Takeuchi, Mitsuo Uchiyama, Masahiro Kanno, Shin-Ichi Niwa (Psychiatry Res, 200204)
procedural-memory-schizophrenia-assessed-mirror-reading-task.asp

410.

Effective treatments of school-aged conduct disordered children: recommendations for changing clinical and research practices.

The present article discusses reviews, meta-analytical and other relevant outcome studies of treating school-aged conduct-disordered children. Meta-analytical studies of Parent Management Training and Cognitive-behavioural Therapy for the child have ...
N van de Wiel, W Matthys, P C Cohen-Kettenis, H van Engeland (Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 200204)
effective-treatments-school-aged-conduct-disordered-children.asp