Problem Solving

31.

Abstraction in art with implications for perception.

The relationship between people and art is complex and intriguing. Of course, artworks are our creations; but in interesting and important ways, we are also created by our artworks. Our sense of the world is informed by the art we make and by the art we ...
Robert Zimmer (Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 200307)
abstraction-art-implications-perception.asp

32.

Abstraction and reformulation in artificial intelligence.

This paper contributes in two ways to the aims of this special issue on abstraction. The first is to show that there are compelling reasons motivating the use of abstraction in the purely computational realm of artificial intelligence. The second is to ...
Robert C Holte, Berthe Y Chouiery (Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 200307)
abstraction-reformulation-artificial-intelligence.asp

33.

Beyond learning fixed rules and social cues: abstraction in the social arena.

Abstraction is a central idea in many areas of physical comparative cognition such as categorization, numerical competence or problem solving. This idea, however, has rarely been applied to comparative social cognition. In this paper, I propose that the ...
Joseph Call (Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 200307)
beyond-learning-fixed-rules-social-cues-abstraction-social-arena.asp

34.

Medication-taking beliefs of adult renal transplant recipients.

PURPOSE: To describe the medication-taking beliefs of younger and older adult renal transplant recipients. METHOD: A descriptive design was used to study 16 adult renal transplant recipients, 8 older and 8 younger, recruited from a renal transplant ...
Cynthia L Russell, Erin Kilburn, Vicki S Conn, M Kay Libbus, Catherine Ashbaugh (Clin Nurse Spec, 200307)
medication-taking-beliefs-adult-renal-transplant-recipients.asp

35.

A complexity theory model in science education problem solving: random walks for working memory and mental capacity.

The present study examines the role of limited human channel capacity from a science education perspective. A model of science problem solving has been previously validated by applying concepts and tools of complexity theory (the working memory, random ...
Dimitrios Stamovlasis, Georgios Tsaparlis (Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci, 200307)
complexity-theory-model-science-education-problem-solving-random.asp

36.

Use of the mathematical principle of inversion in young children.

An important issue in the development of mathematical cognition is the extent to which children use and understand fundamental mathematical concepts. We examined whether young children successfully use the principle of inversion and, if so, whether they ...
Carmen Rasmussen, Elaine Ho, Jeffrey Bisanz (J Exp Child Psychol, 200306)
mathematical-principle-inversion-young-children.asp

37.

The art of decision-making.

As important as sound decision-making is, many executives neglect to utilize any formal decisionmaking process. As many executives know, making the wrong decision can be disastrous, if not career ending. In todays high-pressure, complex, and challenging ...
Thomas R Clancy (J Nurs Adm, 200306)
art-decision-making.asp

38.

What response times tell of childrens behavior on the balance scale task.

Analysis of accuracy of responses to balance scale problems gives a global idea of the cognitive processes that underlie problem-solving behavior on this task. We show that response times (RTs) provide additional detailed information about the kind and ...
Han L J van der Maas, Brenda R J Jansen (J Exp Child Psychol, 200306)
response-times-tell-children-s-behavior-balance-scale-task.asp

39.

Converting unused vacation days to retiree medical benefits: a proposed partial solution to an emerging national crisis.

Costs for retiree medical benefits are spiraling upward. One way to help fund this area of compensation, with little or no additional financial burden to either employers or employees, could be using an employee benefit plan whereby each years unused ...
Donald R Saxon (Empl Benefits J, 200306)
converting-unused-vacation-days-retiree-medical-benefits-proposed.asp

40.

Leadership and the psychology of turnarounds.

Turnaround champions--those leaders who manage to bring distressed organizations back from the brink of failure--are often acclaimed for their canny financial and strategic decision making. But having studied their work closely, Harvard Business Schools ...
Rosabeth Moss Kanter (Harv Bus Rev, 200306)
leadership-psychology-turnarounds.asp