Problem Solving

331.

Category induction from distributional cues in an artificial language.

The ability to identify the grammatical category of a word (e.g., noun, verb, adjective) is a fundamental aspect of competence in a natural language. Children show evidence of categorization by as early as 18 months, and in some cases younger. However, ...
Toben H Mintz (Mem Cognit, 200207)
category-induction-distributional-cues-artificial-language.asp

332.

Appreciative inquiry: a radically different approach to change.

Appreciative Inquiry, or Al, seeks to identify what went right and duplicate the experience. Adjustment in thinking may be difficult for defensive-minded health care professionals. Likelihood of success appears greater when smaller groups are ...
(Healthcare Benchmarks Qual Improv, 200207)
appreciative-inquiry-radically-different-approach-change.asp

333.

Representation facilitates reasoning: what natural frequencies are and what they are not.

A good representation can be crucial for finding the solution to a problem. Gigerenzer and Hoffrage (Psychol. Rev. 102 (1995) 684; Psychol. Rev. 106 (1999) 425) have shown that representations in terms of natural frequencies, rather than conditional ...
Ulrich Hoffrage, Gerd Gigerenzer, Stefan Krauss, Laura Martignon (Cognition, 200207)
representation-facilitates-reasoning-natural-frequencies-not.asp

334.

Learning abstract relations from using categories.

When people learn categories, the importance of the features and relations in the category representation reflects both their diagnosticity for classification and their relevance to the use of the category. In earlier work in which the influence of ...
Brian H Ross, Justin L Warren (Mem Cognit, 200207)
learning-abstract-relations-categories.asp

335.

Chances and frequencies in probabilistic reasoning: rejoinder to Hoffrage, Gigerenzer, Krauss, and Martignon.

Do individuals unfamiliar with probability and statistics need a specific type of data in order to draw correct inferences about uncertain events? Girotto and Gonzalez (Cognition 78 (2001) 247) showed that naive individuals solve frequency as well as ...
Vittorio Girotto, Michel Gonzalez (Cognition, 200207)
chances-frequencies-probabilistic-reasoning-rejoinder-hoffrage.asp

336.

Aging and the representation of spatial situations in narrative understanding.

Age differences in the construction of the situation model during text understanding were investigated. Situation model processing was measured in terms of the distance effect, the tendency for readers to process information about objects in a narrative ...
Elizabeth A L Stine-Morrow, Daniel G Morrow, Richard Leno (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200207)
aging-representation-spatial-situations-narrative-understanding.asp

337.

Part-set cuing of false memories.

Part-set cuing inhibition describes the common finding that re-presenting items from a word list can reduce subjects overall recall performance for studied items. Do part-set cuing effects occur for false memories as well? In the present experiments, ...
Matthew B Reysen, James S Nairne (Psychon Bull Rev, 200206)
part-set-cuing-false-memories.asp

338.

An inquiry-based approach to teaching research design: asking the right questions.

To describe an inquiry-based learning activity and discuss the advantages of using such activities to demonstrate research design to undergraduate psychology students the authors presented students with the research problem of eyewitness memory recall ...
Nikki Yonts, Charles I Abramson, Jessica McKenna, Stacy DeBoer, Ann McMillin, Justin Rice, Richard Potts, Bill Scott (Psychol Rep, 200206)
inquiry-based-approach-teaching-research-design-asking-right-questions.asp

339.

Lifelong investment in health: the discursive construction of problems in Hong Kong health policy.

This paper reflects on the contemporary health policy debate in Hong Kong, and the shape assigned to particular problems. Health reform discourses are identified to reveal the tensions that exist between the dominant biomedical discourse that focuses on ...
Elizabeth Herdman (Health Policy Plan, 200206)
lifelong-investment-health-discursive-construction-problems-hong.asp

340.

Complexity management theory: motivation for ideological rigidity and social conflict.

We are doomed to formulate conceptual structures that are much simpler than the complex phenomena they are attempting to account for. These simple conceptual structures shield us, pragmatically, from real-world complexity, but also fail, frequently, as ...
Jordan B Peterson, Joseph L Flanders (Cortex, 200206)
complexity-management-theory-motivation-ideological-rigidity-social.asp