Problem Solving

281.

Problems reported by self-harm patients: perception, hopelessness, and suicidal intent.

OBJECTIVE: Research suggests that problem-solving therapy may be an effective intervention following self-harm. This study determines the relation between self-harm patients perceptions of their problems and their expressions of hopelessness and suicidal ...
David Milnes, David Owens, Paul Blenkiron (J Psychosom Res, 200209)
problems-reported-self-harm-patients-perception-hopelessness-suicidal.asp

282.

The effect of category variability in perceptual categorization.

Exemplar and distributional accounts of categorization make differing predictions for the classification of a critical exemplar precisely halfway between the nearest exemplars of 2 categories differing in variability. Under standard conditions of ...
Neil Stewart, Nick Chater (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200209)
effect-category-variability-perceptual-categorization.asp

283.

Assessing secure base behavior in adulthood: development of a measure, links to adult attachment representations, and relations to couples communication and reports of relationships.

A focus on the secure base phenomenon creates a framework for exploring the function of the attachment system in adulthood. Engaged couples (N = 157) were videotaped in a problem-solving interaction and assessed using the Secure Base Scoring System ...
Judith A Crowell, Dominique Treboux, Yuan Gao, Celene Fyffe, Helen Pan, Everett Waters (Dev Psychol, 200209)
assessing-secure-base-behavior-adulthood-development-measure-links.asp

284.

Predicting scores of the Halstead Category Test with the WAIS-III.

The Halstead Category Test (HCT) and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) are two of the most widely used neuropsychological tests. Often assessment conclusions are dependent upon the comparison of these measures. Therefore, it is crucial for ...
Jeffrey B Titus, Paul D Retzlaff, Raymond S Dean (Int J Neurosci, 200209)
predicting-scores-halstead-category-test-wais-iii.asp

285.

Causal conditional reasoning and semantic memory retrieval: a test of the semantic memory framework.

This study tested and refined a framework that proposes a mechanism for retrieving alternative causes and disabling conditions (Cummins, 1995) during reasoning. Experiment 1 examined the relation between different factors affecting retrieval. The test ...
Wim De Neys, Walter Schaeken, Géry dYdewalle (Mem Cognit, 200209)
causal-conditional-reasoning-semantic-memory-retrieval-test-semantic.asp

286.

Perseveration in schizophrenia: failure to generate a plan and relationship with the psychomotor poverty subsyndrome.

Although perseveration in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) has been studied extensively in schizophrenia, the underlying cognitive dysfunctions are not yet clear. In schizophrenia, perseveration has been found to relate to frontal and striatal ...
Marja G Lanser, Hans J C Berger, Bart A Ellenbroek, Alexander R Cools, Frans G Zitman (Psychiatry Res, 200209)
perseveration-schizophrenia-failure-generate-plan-relationship.asp

287.

Goal orientation, perceived task outcome and task demands in mathematics tasks: effects on students attitude in actual task settings.

BACKGROUND: In earlier studies, it has been found that students domain-specific cognitions and personal learning goals (goal orientation) influence task-specific appraisals of actual learning tasks. The relations between domain-specific and task-specific ...
Gerard Seegers, Cornelis M van Putten, Cornelis J de Brabander (Br J Educ Psychol, 200209)
goal-orientation-perceived-task-outcome-task-demands-mathematics.asp

288.

The nativist-empiricist controversy in the context of recent research on spatial and quantitative development.

Demonstrations of cognitive competence in preschool children and infants played an important role in the waning influence of Piagetian theory and the rise of nativism. Arguments and data favoring modularity have further buttressed the casefor nativism. ...
Nora S Newcombe (Psychol Sci, 200209)
nativist-empiricist-controversy-context-recent-research-spatial.asp

289.

Developments in young infants reasoning about occluded objects.

Eight experiments were conducted to examine 3- and 3.5-month-old infants responses to occlusion events. The results revealed two developments, one in infants knowledge of when objects should and should not be occluded and the other in infants ability to ...
Andréa Aguiar, Renée Baillargeon (Cognit Psychol, 200209)
developments-young-infants-reasoning-occluded-objects.asp

290.

Executive dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenia and relationship to duration of untreated psychosis: the West London Study.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated early generalised cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. AIMS: To examine executive function in first-episode schizophrenia, characterise the nature of the impairment and specify any relationships with symptoms ...
Eileen Joyce, Sam Hutton, Stan Mutsatsa, Heidi Gibbins, Emma Webb, Sonja Paul, Trevor Robbins, Thomas Barnes (Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 200209)
executive-dysfunction-first-episode-schizophrenia-relationship.asp