Neuropsychological Tests

621.

A contribution of cognitive decision models to clinical assessment: decomposing performance on the Bechara gambling task.

The Bechara simulated gambling task is a popular method of examining decision-making deficits exhibited by people with brain damage, psychopathology, antisocial personality, or drug abuse problems. However, performance on this task is confounded by ...
Jerome R Busemeyer, Julie C Stout (Psychol Assess, 200209)
contribution-cognitive-decision-models-clinical-assessment.asp

622.

Application of stochastic modeling to the assessment of group and individual differences in cognitive functioning.

This article begins with a guiding schema of relations among cognitive science, clinical science, and assessment technology. Emphasis is placed on stochastic modeling of cognitive processes. Basic models are adjusted so as to parsimoniously accommodate ...
Richard W J Neufeld, David Vollick, Jeffrey R Carter, Kristine Boksman, Jennifer Jetté (Psychol Assess, 200209)
application-stochastic-modeling-assessment-group-individual.asp

623.

Subthalamic nucleus stimulation affects striato-anterior cingulate cortex circuit in a response conflict task: a PET study.

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) has generally been considered as a relay station within frontal-subcortical motor control circuitry. Little is known about the influence of the STN on cognitive networks. Clinical observations and studies in animals suggest ...
U Schroeder, A Kuehler, B Haslinger, P Erhard, W Fogel, V M Tronnier, K W Lange, H Boecker, A O Ceballos-Baumann (Brain, 200209)
subthalamic-nucleus-stimulation-affects-striato-anterior-cingulate.asp

624.

Cognitive decline in AD and mild cognitive impairment is associated with global brain damage.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships between structural damage in the whole brain, the temporal lobes, and the frontal lobes and cognitive decline at old age. The authors hypothesized that widespread brain damage as quantified using magnetization ...
W M Van Der Flier, D M J Van Den Heuvel, A W E Weverling-Rijnsburger, A Spilt, E L E M Bollen, R G J Westendorp, H A M Middelkoop, M A Van Buchem (Neurology, 200209)
cognitive-decline-ad-mild-cognitive-impairment-associated-global.asp

625.

Brain Areas Active during Visual Perception of Biological Motion.

Theories of vision posit that form and motion are represented by neural mechanisms segregated into functionally and anatomically distinct pathways. Using point-light animations of biological motion, we examine the extent to which form and motion pathways ...
Emily D Grossman, Randolph Blake (Neuron, 200209)
brain-areas-active-visual-perception-biological-motion.asp

626.

The clock drawing test is a poor screen for very mild dementia.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether performance on the clock drawing test varies as a function of dementia severity and particularly whether it differentiates cognitively normal older adults from those with very mild dementia. METHODS: Clock drawings were ...
K K Powlishta, D D Von Dras, A Stanford, D B Carr, C Tsering, J P Miller, J C Morris (Neurology, 200209)
clock-drawing-test-poor-screen-mild-dementia.asp

627.

Depression leading to attempted suicide after bilateral subthalamic nucleus stimulation for Parkinsons disease.

Subthalamic nucleus stimulation is emerging as an effective surgical therapy for Parkinsons disease. It is considered to be a safe procedure with little morbidity, the most common complications being intracranial haemorrhage and hardware failure. We ...
Paresh K Doshi, Niraj Chhaya, Mohit H Bhatt (Mov Disord, 200209)
depression-leading-attempted-suicide-after-bilateral-subthalamic.asp

628.

Event-related potentials reveal the effects of altering personal identity.

Subjects were presented with terminal words that identified a sentence to reflect their true selves or another irrelevant individual. Subjects were asked to push one button if the statement reflected their true identity and another if it did not. The ERP ...
Michel Girodo, Trevor P Deck, Kenneth B Campbell (Neuroreport, 200209)
event-related-potentials-reveal-effects-altering-personal-identity.asp

629.

How distributed is visual category information in human occipito-temporal cortex? An fMRI study.

We used fMRI to study the distribution of object category information in the ventral visual pathway. Extending the findings of, we find that categories of stimuli can be distinguished by the pattern of activation they elicit across this entire pathway, ...
Mona Spiridon, Nancy Kanwisher (Neuron, 200209)
distributed-visual-category-information-human-occipito-temporal.asp

630.

Improvement in cognitive functioning in patients with first-episode psychosis during treatment with quetiapine: an interim analysis.

BACKGROUND: The efficacies of second-generation antipsychotic medications in reducing symptoms are reasonably well-documented, but their effects on cognition are less clearly understood. AIMS: To under take an interim analysis of an open label, 2-year ...
K P Good, I Kiss, C Buiteman, H Woodley, Q Rui, D Whitehorn, L Kopala (Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 200209)
improvement-cognitive-functioning-patients-first-episode-psychosis.asp