Mental Recall

611.

Truth and character: sources that older adults can remember.

Are age differences in source memory inevitable? The two experiments reported here examined the hypothesis that the type of source information being tested mediates the magnitude of age differences in source memory. In these studies, participants ...
Tamara A Rahhal, Cynthia P May, Lynn Hasher (Psychol Sci, 200203)
truth-character-sources-older-adults-remember.asp

612.

The humour effect: differential processing and privileged retrieval.

The effects of humour on memory and heart rate were explored as a function of experimental design. In within-subject manipulations, original humorous cartoons were better remembered than the literal translations and weird cartoons, whereas literal and ...
Stephen R Schmidt (Memory, 200203)
humour-effect-differential-processing-privileged-retrieval.asp

613.

Reviewing intuitive decision-making and uncertainty: the implications for medical education.

CONTEXT: Intuition and uncertainty are inescapable conditions of many instances of clinical decision- making. Under such conditions biases and heuristics may operate, distorting the decision-making process. Physicians and students are generally unaware ...
Katherine H Hall (Med Educ, 200203)
reviewing-intuitive-decision-making-uncertainty-implications-medical.asp

614.

Activity in older adults: cause or consequence of cognitive functioning? A longitudinal study on everyday activities and cognitive performance in older adults.

The impact of three types of everyday activities (i.e., social, experiential, and developmental) on four cognitive functions (i.e., immediate recall, learning, fluid intelligence, and information-processing speed) and one global indicator of cognitive ...
Marja J Aartsen, Carolien H M Smits, Theo van Tilburg, Kees C P M Knipscheer, Dorly J H Deeg (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200203)
activity-older-adults-cause-or-consequence-cognitive-functioning.asp

615.

Comparison of energy expenditure estimates from doubly labeled water, a physical activity questionnaire, and physical activity records.

BACKGROUND: Various methods are used by epidemiologists to estimate the energy cost of physical activity; these include physical activity records and recalls. However, there is limited validation of these methods against the doubly labeled water ...
Joan M Conway, James L Seale, David R Jacobs, Melinda L Irwin, Barbara E Ainsworth (Am J Clin Nutr, 200203)
comparison-energy-expenditure-estimates-doubly-labeled-water-physical.asp

616.

Measuring infant memory: does the ruler matter?

Although the mobile conjugate reinforcement, deferred imitation, and visual attention paradigms are commonly used to test memory processing by infants, there is often debate about the comparability of memory measured by these three procedures. In a ...
Julien Gross, Harlene Hayne, Jane Herbert, Paula Sowerby (Dev Psychobiol, 200203)
measuring-infant-memory-ruler-matter.asp

617.

Anatomic constraints on cognitive theories of category specificity.

Many cognitive theories of semantic organization stem from reports of patients with selective, category-specific deficits for particular classes of objects (e.g., fruit). The anatomical assumptions underlying the competing claims can be evaluated with ...
J T Devlin, C J Moore, C J Mummery, M L Gorno-Tempini, J A Phillips, U Noppeney, R S J Frackowiak, K J Friston, C J Price (Neuroimage, 200203)
anatomic-constraints-cognitive-theories-category-specificity.asp

618.

Abnormal functional connectivity in posttraumatic stress disorder.

This study investigated the efficacy of a combined multivariate/resampling procedure for the analysis of PET activation studies. The covariance-based multivariate analysis was used to investigate distributed brain systems in posttraumatic stress disorder ...
Marnie E Shaw, Stephen C Strother, Alexander C McFarlane, Philip Morris, Jon Anderson, C Richard Clark, Gary F Egan (Neuroimage, 200203)
abnormal-functional-connectivity-posttraumatic-stress-disorder.asp

619.

The role of frontopolar cortex in subgoal processing during working memory.

Neuroimaging studies have implicated the anterior-most or frontopolar regions of prefrontal cortex (FP-PFC, e.g., Brodmanns Area 10) as playing a central role in higher cognitive functions such as planning, problem solving, reasoning, and episodic memory ...
Todd S Braver, Susan R Bongiolatti (Neuroimage, 200203)
role-frontopolar-cortex-subgoal-processing-working-memory.asp

620.

The confidence-accuracy relationship in eyewitness identification: the effects of reflection and disconfirmation on correlation and calibration.

Participants viewed a simulated crime and attempted an identification from an 8-person target-present or target-absent lineup. The authors examined identification confidence-accuracy relations, contrasting a control condition (n = 310) with 2 ...
Neil Brewer, Amber Keast, Amanda Rishworth (J Exp Psychol Appl, 200203)
confidence-accuracy-relationship-eyewitness-identification-effects.asp