Mental Processes

231.

The quantitative nature of a visual task differentiates between ventral and dorsal stream.

The aim of the present positron emission tomography (PET) study was to investigate how visual processing in dorsal and ventral streams depends on the quantitative nature of the task. In the same-different task, participants identified the presence of an ...
Wim Fias, Patrick Dupont, Bert Reynvoet, Guy A Orban (J Cogn Neurosci, 200205)
quantitative-nature-visual-task-differentiates-ventral-dorsal-stream.asp

232.

Perceptual priming versus explicit memory: dissociable neural correlates at encoding.

We addressed the hypothesis that perceptual priming and explicit memory have distinct neural correlates at encoding. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants studied visually presented words at deep versus shallow levels of ...
Björn Schott, Alan Richardson-Klavehn, Hans-Jochen Heinze, Emrah Düzel (J Cogn Neurosci, 200205)
perceptual-priming-versus-explicit-memory-dissociable-neural.asp

233.

Using latent semantic analysis to assess reader strategies.

We tested a computer-based procedure for assessing reader strategies that was based on verbal protocols that utilized latent semantic analysis (LSA). Students were given self-explanation-reading training (SERT), which teaches strategies that facilitate ...
Joseph P Magliano, Katja Wiemer-Hastings, Keith K Millis, Brenton D Muñoz, Danielle McNamara (Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput, 200205)
latent-semantic-analysis-assess-reader-strategies.asp

234.

Access to information in working memory: exploring the focus of attention.

Participants memorized briefly presented sets of digits, a subset of which had to be accessed as input for arithmetic tasks (the active set), whereas another subset had to be remembered independently of the concurrent task (the passive set). Latencies ...
Klaus Oberauer (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200205)
access-information-working-memory-exploring-focus-attention.asp

235.

Top-down effects can modify the initially stimulus-driven auditory organization.

We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) and magnetic fields (ERFs) of the human brain to determine whether top-down control could modulate the initial organization of sound representations in the auditory cortex. We presented identical sound ...
Elyse Sussman, István Winkler, Minna Huotilainen, Walter Ritter, Risto Näätänen (Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 200205)
top-down-effects-modify-initially-stimulus-driven-auditory.asp

236.

Queuing or sharing? A critical evaluation of the single-bottleneck notion.

The model of a single central bottleneck for human information processing is critically examined. Most evidence cited in support of the model has been observed within the overlapping tasks paradigm. It is shown here that most findings obtained within ...
David Navon, Jeff Miller (Cognit Psychol, 200205)
queuing-or-sharing-critical-evaluation-single-bottleneck-notion.asp

237.

Functional neuroanatomical differences between adults and school-age children in the processing of single words.

A critical issue in developmental cognitive neuroscience is the extent to which the functional neuroanatomy underlying task performance differs in adults and children. Direct comparisons of brain activation in the left frontal and extrastriate cortex ...
Bradley L Schlaggar, Timothy T Brown, Heather M Lugar, Kristina M Visscher, Francis M Miezin, Steven E Petersen (Science, 200205)
functional-neuroanatomical-differences-adults-school-age-children.asp

238.

The neural correlates of grammatical gender: an fMRI investigation.

In an fMRI experiment, subjects saw a written noun and made three distinct decisions in separate sessions: Is its grammatical gender masculine or feminine (grammatical feature task)? Is it an animal or an artifact (semantic task)? Does it contain a /tch/ ...
Gabriele Miceli, Patrizia Turriziani, Carlo Caltagirone, Rita Capasso, Francesco Tomaiuolo, Alfonso Caramazza (J Cogn Neurosci, 200205)
neural-correlates-grammatical-gender-fmri-investigation.asp

239.

Self-organization in the basal ganglia with modulation of reinforcement signals.

Self-organization is one of fundamental brain computations for forming efficient representations of information. Experimental support for this idea has been largely limited to the developmental and reorganizational formation of neural circuits in the ...
Hiroyuki Nakahara, Shun-ichi Amari Si, Okihide Hikosaka (Neural Comput, 200204)
self-organization-basal-ganglia-modulation-reinforcement-signals.asp

240.

Measurements of brain activity complexity for varying mental loads.

Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we investigate the variation in dynamical complexity of human brain activity for different mental loads. Our experiments measured the activity of ten subjects under three experimental conditions: a rest ...
Mukeshwar Dhamala, Giuseppe Pagnoni, Kurt Wiesenfeld, Gregory S Berns (Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys, 200204)
measurements-brain-activity-complexity-varying-mental-loads.asp