Mental Processes

11.

Neural activity related to the processing of increasing monetary reward in smokers and nonsmokers.

This study investigated the processing of increasing monetary reward in nonsmoking and smoking subjects. The choice of the subject populations has been motivated by the observation of differences between nonsmokers and smokers in response to rewarding ...
C Martin-Soelch, J Missimer, K L Leenders, W Schultz (Eur J Neurosci, 200308)
neural-activity-related-processing-increasing-monetary-reward-smokers.asp

12.

Exploring the neural basis of cognitive reserve.

There is epidemiologic and imaging evidence for the presence of cognitive reserve, but the neurophysiologic substrate of CR has not been established. In order to test the hypothesis that CR is related to aspects of neural processing, we used fMRI to ...
Yaakov Stern, Eric Zarahn, H John Hilton, Joseph Flynn, Robert DeLaPaz, Brian Rakitin (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 200308)
exploring-neural-basis-cognitive-reserve.asp

13.

Coherent interaction of dynamical attractors for object-based selective attention.

I investigate essential neuronal mechanisms of visual attention based on object-based theory and a biased-competition scheme. A neural network model is proposed that consists of two feature networks, FI and FII, and one object network, OJ. The FI and FII ...
Osamu Hoshino (Biol Cybern, 200308)
coherent-interaction-dynamical-attractors-object-based-selective.asp

14.

Age dependency of the hemodynamic response as measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy.

Aging reduces cerebral blood flow in association cortices during rest. However, the influence of age on functional brain activation is still controversial. The aim of our study was to examine age dependency of brain activation in primary and association ...
Matthias L Schroeter, Stefan Zysset, Frithjof Kruggel, D Yves von Cramon (Neuroimage, 200307)
age-dependency-hemodynamic-response-measured-functional-near-infrared.asp

15.

Going beyond the information given: a neural system supporting semantic interpretation.

Relating the meaning of a word to the context in which it is encountered is central to comprehension. We investigated the neural basis of this process. Subjects made decisions based on a semantic property of single nouns. The lack of sentence context ...
Sophie K Scott, Alex P Leff, Richard J S Wise (Neuroimage, 200307)
going-beyond-information-given-neural-system-supporting-semantic.asp

16.

Swinging in the brain: shared neural substrates for behaviors related to sequencing and music.

Music consists of precisely patterned sequences of both movement and sound that engage the mind in a multitude of experiences. We move in response to music and we move in order to make music. Because of the intimate coupling between perception and ...
Petr Janata, Scott T Grafton (Nat Neurosci, 200307)
swinging-brain-shared-neural-substrates-behaviors-related-sequencing.asp

17.

Inhibitory priming effects in auditory word recognition: when the targets competitors conflict with the prime word.

Several studies indicate that the number of similar sounding words that are activated during recognition is a powerful predictor of performance on auditory targets. Words with few competitors are processed more quickly and accurately than words with many ...
Sophie Dufour, Ronald Peereman (Cognition, 200307)
inhibitory-priming-effects-auditory-word-recognition-target-s.asp

18.

The "what" and "where" of object representations in infancy.

Four-month-olds memory for surface feature and location information was tested following brief occlusions. When the target objects were images of female faces or monochromatic asterisks infants showed increased looking times following a change in ...
Denis Mareschal, Mark H Johnson (Cognition, 200307)
where-object-representations-infancy.asp

19.

Sentence processing is uniquely human.

In this article, we will focus on three fundamental issues concerning language processing in the human brain, and update recent advances made by functional neuroimaging and magnetic stimulation studies of language. First, we will provide the first ...
Kuniyoshi L Sakai, Fumitaka Homae, Ryuichiro Hashimoto (Neurosci Res, 200307)
sentence-processing-uniquely-human.asp

20.

Modularity of music processing.

The music faculty is not a monolithic entity that a person either has or does not. Rather, it comprises a set of neurally isolable processing components, each having the potential to be specialized for music. Here we propose a functional architecture for ...
Isabelle Peretz, Max Coltheart (Nat Neurosci, 200307)
modularity-music-processing.asp