Mental Processes

181.

Disconfirmation of person expectations by older and younger adults: implications for social vigilance.

The research examined whether age-related cognitive declines affect performance when people form impressions of others. The results from Experiment 1 showed that young and old participants who held positive expectancies about an individual spent more ...
Oscar Ybarra, Denise C Park (J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci, 200209)
disconfirmation-person-expectations-older-younger-adults-implications.asp

182.

Word frequency and receiver operating characteristic curves in recognition memory: evidence for a dual-process interpretation.

Dual-process models of the word-frequency mirror effect posit that low-frequency words are recollected more often than high-frequency words, producing the hit rate differences in the word-frequency effect, whereas high-frequency words are more familiar, ...
Jason Arndt, Lynne M Reder (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200209)
word-frequency-receiver-operating-characteristic-curves-recognition.asp

183.

Event-related potentials of emotional memory: encoding pleasant, unpleasant, and neutral pictures.

Emotional events tend to be remembered better than nonemotional events. We investigated this phenomenon by measuring two event-related potential (ERP) effects: the emotion effect (more positive ERPs for pleasant or unpleasant stimuli than for neutral ...
Florin Dolcos, Roberto Cabeza (Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci, 200209)
event-related-potentials-emotional-memory-encoding-pleasant.asp

184.

A new brain-computer interface design using fuzzy ARTMAP.

This paper proposes a new brain-computer interface (BCI) design using fuzzy ARTMAP (FA) neural network, as well as an application of the design. The objective of this BCI-FA design is to classify the best three of the five available mental tasks for each ...
Ramaswamy Palaniappan, Raveendran Paramesran, Shogo Nishida, Naoki Saiwaki (IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng, 200209)
new-brain-computer-interface-design-fuzzy-artmap.asp

185.

Strategic effects in associative priming with words, homophones, and pseudohomophones.

G. Lukatela and M. T. Turvey (1994a) showed that at a 57-ms prime-presentation duration, the naming of a visually presented target word (frog) is primed not only by an associate word (toad) but also by a homophone (towed) and a pseudohomophone (tode) of ...
Denis Drieghe, Marc Brysbaert (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200209)
strategic-effects-associative-priming-words-homophones.asp

186.

Multisensory attention and tactile information-processing.

Although a great deal is now known about the peripheral sensory mechanisms involved in tactile information processing [Ann Rev Psychol 1990;50:305], it is only more recently that we have started to gain a clearer understanding of the effects of selective ...
Charles Spence (Behav Brain Res, 200209)
multisensory-attention-tactile-information-processing.asp

187.

Executive dysfunction in first-episode schizophrenia and relationship to duration of untreated psychosis: the West London Study.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have demonstrated early generalised cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. AIMS: To examine executive function in first-episode schizophrenia, characterise the nature of the impairment and specify any relationships with symptoms ...
Eileen Joyce, Sam Hutton, Stan Mutsatsa, Heidi Gibbins, Emma Webb, Sonja Paul, Trevor Robbins, Thomas Barnes (Br J Psychiatry Suppl, 200209)
executive-dysfunction-first-episode-schizophrenia-relationship.asp

188.

Five-year-olds handling of reference and description in the domains of language and mental representation.

Childrens concurrent success on false belief tasks and their handling of two labels for one object (e.g., bunny/rabbit) has been interpreted as demonstrating understanding about the essential features of representation. Three experiments reveal the ...
I A Apperly, E J Robinson (J Exp Child Psychol, 200209)
five-year-olds-handling-reference-description-domains-language-mental.asp

189.

Assessment of mechanical and thermal thresholds of human C nociceptors during increases in skin sympathetic nerve activity.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of the present study is to investigate the relationship between C-fiber nociceptor sensitivity and skin sympathetic nerve activity during mental arithmetic. METHODS: Single afferent C-fibers were identified simultaneously with ...
Mitsuhiro Watanabe, Shinobu Toma, Masazumi Murakami, Ichiro Shimoyama, Yoshio Nakajima, Hideshige Moriya (Clin Neurophysiol, 200209)
assessment-mechanical-thermal-thresholds-human-c-nociceptors.asp

190.

Exemplar and prototype models revisited: response strategies, selective attention, and stimulus generalization.

J. D. Smith and colleagues (J. P. Minda & J. D. Smith, 2001; J. D. Smith & J. P. Minda, 1998,2000; J. D. Smith, M. J. Murray, & J. P. Minda, 1997) presented evidence that they claimed challenged the predictions of exemplar models and that supported ...
Robert M Nosofsky, Safa R Zaki (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200209)
exemplar-prototype-models-revisited-response-strategies-selective.asp