Mental Competency

21.

Surrogate decision-making: judgment standard preferences of older adults.

This qualitative study examines the judgment standard preferences of older adults related to surrogate decision-making for medical treatment. Thirty community dwelling adults over the age of 60 were presented with scenarios that depicted three ...
Crystal Dea Moore, Jennifer Sparr, Susan Sherman, Lisa Avery (Soc Work Health Care, 2003)
surrogate-decision-making-judgment-standard-preferences-older-adults.asp

22.

Clinical issues on consent: some philosophical concerns.

On occasions, laws on consent are subject to modification, largely on account of being subject to common law rather than statute-for example, in the UK. Guideline publications such as the UK Department of Health Reference Guide to Consent for Examination ...
R Worthington (J Med Ethics, 200212)
clinical-issues-consent-philosophical-concerns.asp

23.

Philosophical pitfalls in cosmetic surgery: a case of rhinoplasty during adolescence.

In the process of deciding to undergo cosmetic surgery for aesthetic reasons, people may err in various ways. Adolescents in particular run the risk of making errors, and both parents and surgeons have special moral responsibilities to avoid ...
M T Hilhorst (Med Humanit, 200212)
philosophical-pitfalls-cosmetic-surgery-case-rhinoplasty-adolescence.asp

24.

Withholding the artificial administration of fluids and food from elderly patients with dementia: ethnographic study.

OBJECTIVE: To clarify the practice of withholding the artificial administration of fluids and food from elderly patients with dementia in nursing homes. DESIGN: Qualitative, ethnographic study in two phases. SETTING: 10 wards in two nursing homes in the ...
Anne-Mei The, Roeline Pasman, Bregje Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Miel Ribbe, Gerrit van der Wal (BMJ, 200212)
withholding-artificial-administration-fluids-food-elderly-patients.asp

25.

Evaluation of do not resuscitate orders (DNR) in a Swiss community hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of an intervention on the understanding and use of DNR orders by physicians; to assess the impact of understanding the importance of involving competent patients in DNR decisions. DESIGN: Prospective clinical ...
N Junod Perron, A Morabia, A De Torrenté (J Med Ethics, 200212)
evaluation-not-resuscitate-orders-dnr-swiss-community-hospital.asp

26.

Alzheimers disease patients and caregivers capacity, competency, and reasons to enroll in an early-phase Alzheimers disease clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the capacity, competency, and reasons for enrolling of patients with Alzheimers disease (AD) and of their caregivers in an early phase AD clinical trial. DESIGN: Interviews were conducted with patients with AD, nondemented older ...
Jason H T Karlawish, David J Casarett, Bryan D James (J Am Geriatr Soc, 200212)
alzheimer-s-disease-patients-caregivers-capacity-competency-reasons.asp

27.

How much do doctors know about consent and capacity?

To assess knowledge of capacity issues across different medical specialties we conducted a cross-sectional survey with a structured questionnaire at academic meetings, lectures and conferences. Of 190 individuals who received the questionnaire 129 (68%) ...
Elizabeth Jackson, James Warner (J R Soc Med, 200212)
much-doctors-know-consent-capacity.asp

28.

Insight, social knowledge and working memory in schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: There is evidence that insight and social judgements are impaired in schizophrenia. The influence of these factors on the decision to treat compulsorily in schizophrenia is poorly understood. AIMS: To investigate the contribution of insight, ...
Rachel Upthegrove, Femi Oyebode, Mohan George, M Sayeed Haque (Psychopathology, 200211-12)
insight-social-knowledge-working-memory-schizophrenia.asp

29.

Decisional capacity in theory and practice: legal process versus bumbling through.

The reform of guardianship law and practice remains an active topic of interest for service providers, policy makers, and advocates involved with older persons. Guardianship is a legal device designed to protect persons who lack the cognitive and ...
M B Kapp (Aging Ment Health, 200211)
decisional-capacity-theory-practice-legal-process-versus-bumbling.asp

30.

Decision making in health care: limitations of the substituted judgement principle.

The substituted judgement principle is often recommended as a means of promoting the self-determination of an incompetent individual when proxy decision makers are faced with having to make decisions about health care. This article represents a critical ...
Susan Bailey (Nurs Ethics, 200209)
decision-making-health-care-limitations-substituted-judgement.asp