Memory

81.

Cognitive reserve modulates functional brain responses during memory tasks: a PET study in healthy young and elderly subjects.

Cognitive reserve (CR) is the ability of an individual to cope with advancing brain pathology so that he remains free of symptomatology. Epidemiological evidence and in vivo neurometabolic data suggest that CR may be mediated through education or IQ. The ...
Nikolaos Scarmeas, Eric Zarahn, Karen E Anderson, John Hilton, Joseph Flynn, Ronald L Van Heertum, Harold A Sackeim, Yaakov Stern (Neuroimage, 200307)
cognitive-reserve-modulates-functional-brain-responses-memory-tasks.asp

82.

Memory training alters hippocampal neurochemistry in healthy elderly.

Accumulating epidemiological evidence supports the notion of brain reserve, but there has been no investigation of neurobiological change associated with brief mental activation training in humans. Healthy older individuals were therefore investigated ...
Michael J Valenzuela, Megan Jones, Wei Wen, Caroline Rae, Scott Graham, Ronald Shnier, Perminder Sachdev (Neuroreport, 200307)
memory-training-alters-hippocampal-neurochemistry-healthy-elderly.asp

83.

Cognitive effects of nicotine in humans: an fMRI study.

To elucidate the neural correlates of cognitive effects of nicotine, we examined behavioral performance and blood oxygenation level-dependent regional brain activity, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, during a parametric "n-back" task in ...
Veena Kumari, Jeffrey A Gray, Dominic H ffytche, Martina T Mitterschiffthaler, Mrigen Das, Elizabeth Zachariah, Goparlen N Vythelingum, Steven C R Williams, Andrew Simmons, Tonmoy Sharma (Neuroimage, 200307)
cognitive-effects-nicotine-humans-fmri-study.asp

84.

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor val66met polymorphism affects human memory-related hippocampal activity and predicts memory performance.

BDNF plays a critical role in activity-dependent neuroplasticity underlying learning and memory in the hippocampus. A frequent single nucleotide polymorphism in the targeting region of the human BDNF gene (val66met) has been associated with abnormal ...
Ahmad R Hariri, Terry E Goldberg, Venkata S Mattay, Bhaskar S Kolachana, Joseph H Callicott, Michael F Egan, Daniel R Weinberger (J Neurosci, 200307)
brain-derived-neurotrophic-factor-val-met-polymorphism-affects-human.asp

85.

Evaluating subject specific preprocessing choices in multisubject fMRI data sets using data-driven performance metrics.

This study investigated the possible benefit of subject specific optimization of preprocessing strategies in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments. The optimization was performed using the data-driven performance metrics developed ...
Marnie E Shaw, Stephen C Strother, Maria Gavrilescu, Katherine Podzebenko, Anthony Waites, John Watson, Jon Anderson, Graeme Jackson, Gary Egan (Neuroimage, 200307)
evaluating-subject-specific-preprocessing-choices-multisubject-fmri.asp

86.

Cigarette smoking and cognitive decline in midlife: evidence from a prospective birth cohort study.

OBJECTIVES: The authors investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on midlife cognitive performance. METHODS: Multiple regression was used to test the association between cigarette smoking and changes in cognitive test scores among male and female ...
Marcus Richards, Martin J Jarvis, Neil Thompson, Michael E J Wadsworth (Am J Public Health, 200306)
cigarette-smoking-cognitive-decline-midlife-evidence-prospective.asp

87.

Halo and devil effects demonstrate valenced-based influences on source-monitoring decisions.

Source attributions based on positive versus negative valence were examined in four experiments. The two sources were individuals who were depicted positively or negatively, and the content of their statements was similarly valenced. When valenced ...
Gabriel I Cook, Richard L Marsh, Jason L Hicks (Conscious Cogn, 200306)
halo-devil-effects-demonstrate-valenced-based-influences-source.asp

88.

A hypothalamic digoxin-mediated model for conscious and subliminal perception.

The human hypothalamus produces an endogenous membrane (Na+)-K+ ATPase inhibitor digoxin. Digoxin can modulate multiple neurotransmitter systems. It can play a role in perceptual binding, focused attention and short term memory important in conscious ...
Ravi Kumar Kurup, Parameswara Achutha Kurup (Int J Neurosci, 200306)
hypothalamic-digoxin-mediated-model-conscious-subliminal-perception.asp

89.

Dissociative experiences are related to commissions in emotional memory.

Two rival hypotheses of the link between dissociative experiences and emotional memory were tested: 1) the defence mechanism hypothesis that assumes that dissociation promotes fragmentation of emotional memory; and 2) the fantasy proneness hypothesis ...
I Candel, H Merckelbach, M Kuijpers (Behav Res Ther, 200306)
dissociative-experiences-related-commissions-emotional-memory.asp

90.

Measuring duration mismatch negativity.

OBJECTIVE: Automatic comparisons of sound duration in auditory sensory memory are typically investigated by comparing event-related potentials (ERPs) to standard and deviant stimuli presented in oddball blocks. Deviants elicit mismatch negativity (MMN). ...
Thomas Jacobsen, Erich Schröger (Clin Neurophysiol, 200306)
measuring-duration-mismatch-negativity.asp