Intelligence

21.

White matter tract alterations in fragile X syndrome: preliminary evidence from diffusion tensor imaging.

Fragile X syndrome, the most common form of hereditary mental retardation, causes disruption in the development of dendrites and synapses, the targets for axonal growth in the central nervous system. This disruption could potentially affect the ...
Naama Barnea-Goraly, Stephan Eliez, Maj Hedeus, Vinod Menon, Christopher D White, Michael Moseley, Allan L Reiss (Am J Med Genet, 200304)
white-matter-tract-alterations-fragile-x-syndrome-preliminary.asp

22.

General Certificate of Secondary Education performance in very low birthweight infants.

Aim: To compare children of very low birth weight with matched controls for their performance in the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE). METHODS: GCSE examination results of 167 children of birth weight < or =1500 g attending mainstream ...
P O D Pharoah, C J Stevenson, C R West (Arch Dis Child, 200304)
general-certificate-secondary-education-performance-low-birthweight.asp

23.

Prediction of IQ in the Mayo Older Adult Normative sample using multiple methods.

Using the Mayo Older Adult Normative sample (Ivnik et al., 1992) as our database, we developed regression models for estimating premorbid Full Scale (FSIQs), Verbal (VIQs), and Performance (PIQs) IQs for elderly adults. Age, years of education, and sex ...
Frances M McCarthy, Alfred H Sellers, William J Burns, Glenn Smith, R J Ivnik, J F Malec (J Clin Psychol, 200304)
prediction-iq-mayo-older-adult-normative-sample-multiple-methods.asp

24.

Genetic correlations between brain volumes and the WAIS-III dimensions of verbal comprehension, working memory, perceptual organization, and processing speed.

We recently showed that the correlation of gray and white matter volume with full scale IQ and the Working Memory dimension are completely mediated by common genetic factors (Posthuma et al., 2002). Here we examine whether the other WAIS III dimensions ...
Daniëlle Posthuma, Wim F C Baaré, Hilleke E Hulshoff Pol, René S Kahn, Dorret I Boomsma, Eco J C De Geus (Twin Res, 200304)
genetic-correlations-brain-volumes-wais-iii-dimensions-verbal.asp

25.

Spatiotemporal brain activity related to intelligence: a low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography study.

Differences in current density between high intelligent (IQ=124), and average intelligent individuals (IQ=110), while solving two complex cognitive tasks (analytical-figural, and identification of emotions) were analyzed with low resolution brain ...
Norbert Jausovec, Ksenija Jausovec (Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 200304)
spatiotemporal-brain-activity-related-intelligence-low-resolution.asp

26.

Neural correlates of categories and concepts.

The ability to readily adapt to novel situations requires something beyond storing specific stimulus-response associations. Instead, many animals can detect basic characteristics of events and store them as generalized classes. Because these ...
Earl K Miller, Andreas Nieder, David J Freedman, Jonathan D Wallis (Curr Opin Neurobiol, 200304)
neural-correlates-categories-concepts.asp

27.

Underlying processes in the poor response inhibition of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

This study evaluated the effects of reward, punishment, and reward + punishment on the impulsive responses of ADHD children. The impulsive responses of ADHD and normal control boys (30 per group) were compared during performance of a go/no-go task, ...
R Gomez (J Atten Disord, 200304)
underlying-processes-poor-response-inhibition-children-attention.asp

28.

Maternal blood lead effects on infant intelligence at age 7 months.

A sample of 7-month-old African-American infants, exposed to maternal blood lead levels less than 5 microg/dL, were assessed with the Fagan test of Infant Intelligence. The results indicate significant effects on memory and cognitive functioning. ...
Eugene Emory, Zehra Ansari, Roland Pattillo, Errol Archibold, Joseph Chevalier (Am J Obstet Gynecol, 200304)
maternal-blood-lead-effects-infant-intelligence-age-months.asp

29.

Longitudinal changes in higher-level functional capacity of an older population living in a Japanese urban community.

This study examined the present state and longitudinal changes in higher-level functional capacity in a Japanese urban community. Persons aged 65-84 years living in a suburb of central Tokyo participated in a baseline survey held in 1991 (n = 814) and ...
Yoshinori Fujiwara, Shoji Shinkai, Shu Kumagai, Hidenori Amano, Yuko Yoshida, Hideyo Yoshida, Hunkyung Kim, Takao Suzuki, Tatsuro Ishizaki, Hiroshi Haga, Shuichiro Watanabe, Hiroshi Shibata (Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 200303-04)
longitudinal-changes-higher-level-functional-capacity-older.asp

30.

Status, testosterone, and human intellectual performance: stereotype threat as status concern.

Results from two experiments suggest that stereotype-threat effects are special cases of a more general process involving the need to maintain or enhance status. We hypothesized that situations capable of confirming a performance stereotype might ...
Robert A Josephs, Mathew L Newman, Ryan P Brown, Jeremy M Beer (Psychol Sci, 200303)
status-testosterone-human-intellectual-performance-stereotype-threat.asp