Decision Making

81.

Ethical issues in the management of pregnancies complicated by fetal anomalies.

Ethics is an essential dimension of the clinical management of pregnancies complicated by fetal anomalies. Utilizing the ethical principles of beneficence and respect for autonomy, this review first sets out the ethical concept of the fetus as a patient. ...
Frank A Chervenak, Laurence B McCullough, Daniel Skupski, Stephen T Chasen (Obstet Gynecol Surv, 200307)
ethical-issues-management-pregnancies-complicated-fetal-anomalies.asp

82.

The effect of transcranial magnetic stimulation on movement selection.

OBJECTIVE: To attempt to replicate previous findings that showed an influence of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cortical motor areas on the selection of motor programmes on the contralateral side. METHODS: Healthy volunteers were asked to ...
Y H Sohn, A Kaelin-Lang, M Hallett (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry, 200307)
effect-transcranial-magnetic-stimulation-movement-selection.asp

83.

Changing plans: a high density electrical mapping study of cortical control.

High density electrical mapping was used to index event-related brain activity in subjects performing parametric variations of the "AX"-type continuous performance task (AX-CPT) that differentially challenge control, and informative control conditions. ...
Elisa C Dias, John J Foxe, Daniel C Javitt (Cereb Cortex, 200307)
changing-plans-high-density-electrical-mapping-study-cortical-control.asp

84.

Fundamental measures of diagnostic examination performance: usefulness for clinical decision making and research.

Measures of diagnostic accuracy, such as sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, and receiver operating characteristic curves, can often seem like abstract mathematic concepts that have a minimal relationship with clinical decision making or ...
Curtis P Langlotz (Radiology, 200307)
fundamental-measures-diagnostic-examination-performance-usefulness.asp

85.

An fMRI study of simple ethical decision-making.

Recent functional neuroimaging studies suggest that ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), left posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) and posterior cingulate cortex are engaged during moral decision-making on complex dilemmatic or salient emotional ...
Hauke R Heekeren, Isabell Wartenburger, Helge Schmidt, Hans-Peter Schwintowski, Arno Villringer (Neuroreport, 200307)
fmri-study-simple-ethical-decision-making.asp

86.

The unbearable lightness of healthcare policy making: a description of a process aimed at giving it some weight.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether a structured process to involve policy makers in designing a research project on a return to work insurance policy would yield evidence that was relevant, useful, and used in policy decisions. STUDY DESIGN: Case study. ...
I B Scheel, K B Hagen, A D Oxman (J Epidemiol Community Health, 200307)
unbearable-lightness-healthcare-policy-making-description-process.asp

87.

Evidence, hierarchies, and typologies: horses for courses.

Debate is ongoing about the nature and use of evidence in public health decision making, and there seems to be an emerging consensus that the "hierarchy of evidence" may be difficult to apply in other settings. It may be unhelpful however to simply ...
M Petticrew, H Roberts (J Epidemiol Community Health, 200307)
evidence-hierarchies-typologies-horses-courses.asp

88.

Talking the talk: school and workplace genre tension in clerkship case presentations.

BACKGROUND: Socialisation into a community involves learning sanctioned ways of talking. This study investigates the case presentation genre as a site of socialisation into the clinical community of practice. METHODS: Sixteen oral case presentations and ...
L Lingard, C Schryer, K Garwood, M Spafford (Med Educ, 200307)
talking-talk-school-workplace-genre-tension-clerkship-case.asp

89.

Speculative behavior and asset price dynamics.

This paper deals with speculative trading. Guided by empirical observations, a nonlinear deterministic asset pricing model is developed in which traders repeatedly choose between technical and fundamental analysis to determine their orders. The ...
Frank Westerhoff (Nonlinear Dynamics Psychol Life Sci, 200307)
speculative-behavior-asset-price-dynamics.asp

90.

A dual-process model of belief and evidence interactions in causal reasoning.

In three experiments, we examined how reasoners preexisting beliefs about causal relations constrained their evaluation of covariation-based empirical evidence. Reasoners were presented with causal candidates that were a priori rated to be either ...
Jonathan A Fugelsang, Valerie A Thompson (Mem Cognit, 200307)
dual-process-model-belief-evidence-interactions-causal-reasoning.asp