Decision Making

411.

Posterior cingulate cortex activation by emotional words: fMRI evidence from a valence decision task.

Functional imaging studies consistently find that emotional stimuli activate the posterior cingulate cortex, a region that appears to have memory-related functions. However, prior imaging studies have not controlled for non-emotional stimulus features ...
Richard J Maddock, Amy S Garrett, Michael H Buonocore (Hum Brain Mapp, 200301)
posterior-cingulate-cortex-activation-emotional-words-fmri-evidence.asp

412.

Take the best or look at the rest? Factors influencing "one-reason" decision making.

Aspects of an experimental environment were manipulated in 3 experiments to examine the parameters under which the "take-the-best" (TTB) heuristic (e.g., G. Gigerenzer & D. G. Goldstein, 1996) operates. Results indicated TTB use to be more prevalent when ...
Ben R Newell, David R Shanks (J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn, 200301)
take-best-or-look-rest-factors-influencing-one-reason-decision-making.asp

413.

Work design and analysis for space-based manufacturing: a case analysis of initial design issues.

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the nature of potential manufacturing tasks humans may execute in a space environment. The success of space-based manufacturing (SBM) is suggested to be a precursor to permanent human presence in ...
J G Casler, J R Cook (Ergonomics, 200301)
work-design-analysis-space-based-manufacturing-case-analysis-initial.asp

414.

Dynamical evolutionary psychology: individual decision rules and emergent social norms.

A new theory integrating evolutionary and dynamical approaches is proposed. Following evolutionary models, psychological mechanisms are conceived as conditional decision rules designed to address fundamental problems confronted by human ancestors, with ...
Douglas T Kenrick, Norman P Li, Jonathan Butner (Psychol Rev, 200301)
dynamical-evolutionary-psychology-individual-decision-rules-emergent.asp

415.

Adolescents decision-making and attitudes towards abortion in north-east Brazil.

Three groups of adolescents are compared with regard to their own considerations of abortion and when they believe abortion is justified. One group of adolescents terminated their pregnancies (n=95), a second became pregnant and carried their pregnancies ...
Patricia E Bailey, Zenilda V Bruno, Maria F Bezerra, Ivany Queirós, Cristiana M Oliveira (J Biosoc Sci, 200301)
adolescents-decision-making-attitudes-towards-abortion-north-east.asp

416.

Using performance measurement to drive improvement: a road map for change.

BACKGROUND: Performance measures and reporting have not been adopted throughout the US health care system despite their central role in encouraging increased participation by consumers in decision-making. Understanding whether the failure of measurement ...
Robert S Galvin, Elizabeth A McGlynn (Med Care, 200301)
performance-measurement-drive-improvement-road-map-change.asp

417.

Cognitive enhancing effects of modafinil in healthy volunteers.

RATIONALE: Modafinil, a novel wake-promoting agent, has been shown to have a similar clinical profile to that of conventional stimulants such as methylphenidate. We were therefore interested in assessing whether modafinil, with its unique pharmacological ...
Danielle C Turner, Trevor W Robbins, Luke Clark, Adam R Aron, Jonathan Dowson, Barbara J Sahakian (Psychopharmacology (Berl), 200301)
cognitive-enhancing-effects-modafinil-healthy-volunteers.asp

418.

Surgeons and cognitive processes.

BACKGROUND: The surgical mind is geared to make important decisions and perform highly skilled tasks. The aim of this review is to explore the cognitive processes that link these actions. METHODS: The core of this review is derived from a literature ...
J C Hall, C Ellis, J Hamdorf (Br J Surg, 200301)
surgeons-cognitive-processes.asp

419.

Tryptophan depletion alters the decision-making of healthy volunteers through altered processing of reward cues.

While accumulating evidence suggests that effective real-life decision-making depends upon the functioning of the orbitofrontal cortex, much less is known about the involvement of the monoamine neurotransmitter systems and, in particular, serotonin. In ...
Robert D Rogers, Elizabeth M Tunbridge, Zubin Bhagwagar, Wayne C Drevets, Barbara J Sahakian, Cameron S Carter (Neuropsychopharmacology, 200301)
tryptophan-depletion-alters-decision-making-healthy-volunteers.asp

420.

Ethics and dementia: mapping the literature by bibliometric analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This paper reports on a bibliometric analysis of keywords in the literature on ethics and dementia during the period 1980-2000. METHODS: Keywords were drawn from titles, abstracts and keyword fields of 14 bibliographic databases and clustered ...
Clive Baldwin, Julian Hughes, Tony Hope, Robin Jacoby, Sue Ziebland (Int J Geriatr Psychiatry, 200301)
ethics-dementia-mapping-literature-bibliometric-analysis.asp