Decision Making

331.

Menopause as a long-term risk to health: implications of general practitioner accounts of prevention for womens choice and decision-making.

Over the past two decades medical researchers and modernist feminist researchers have contested the meaning of menopause. In this article we examine various meanings of menopause in major medical and feminist literature and the construction of menopause ...
Madeleine J Murtagh, Julie Hepworth (Sociol Health Illn, 200303)
menopause-long-term-risk-health-implications-general-practitioner.asp

332.

Prospect relativity: how choice options influence decision under risk.

In many theories of decision under risk (e.g., expected utility theory, rank-dependent utility theory, and prospect theory), the utility of a prospect is independent of other options in the choice set. The experiments presented here show a large effect ...
Neil Stewart, Nick Chater, Henry P Stott, Stian Reimers (J Exp Psychol Gen, 200303)
prospect-relativity-choice-options-influence-decision-under-risk.asp

333.

The seriously ill hospitalized patient: preferred role in end-of-life decision making?

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to further our understanding of the decision-making process near the end of life. Specifically, we ascertained the seriously ill patients preferred role in the decision-making process, what factors were associated ...
Daren K Heyland, Joan Tranmer, C J OCallaghan, Amiram Gafni (J Crit Care, 200303)
seriously-ill-hospitalized-patient-preferred-role-end-life-decision.asp

334.

Medical staffs decision-making process in the nursing home.

BACKGROUND: This paper describes the medical decision-making process at the time of status change events in the nursing home. METHODS: Six male physicians and 3 female nurse practitioners completed questionnaires that described the medical ...
Jiska Cohen-Mansfield, Steven Lipson (J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 200303)
medical-staff-s-decision-making-process-nursing-home.asp

335.

Perceptual organization influences visual working memory.

Previous studies have demonstrated that top-down factors can bias the storage of information in visual working memory. However, relatively little is known about the role that bottom-up stimulus characteristics play in visual working memory storage. In ...
Geoffrey F Woodman, Shaun P Vecera, Steven J Luck (Psychon Bull Rev, 200303)
perceptual-organization-influences-visual-working-memory.asp

336.

Stability of preferences regarding life-sustaining treatment: a two-year prospective study of nursing home residents.

BACKGROUND: The use of advance directives is based on the consensus that physicians should respect preferences expressed by competent patients about future treatments. Patient preferences are, however, subject to change and may be influenced by a number ...
Elaine McParland, Antonios Likourezos, Eileen Chichin, Tita Castor, Barbara E Paris BE (Mt Sinai J Med, 200303)
stability-preferences-life-sustaining-treatment-two-year-prospective.asp

337.

Changing perspective within and across environments.

Perspective change within a single environment is a slow and effortful process. However, little research has addressed perspective change across multiple environments. Using a task-set switching paradigm, subjects judged spatial relationships between ...
James R Brockmole, Ranxiao Frances Wang (Cognition, 200303)
changing-perspective-across-environments.asp

338.

Attitudes of patients with schizophrenia toward placebo-controlled clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: Despite the fact that the efficacy of antipsychotic treatment in patients with schizophrenia has been demonstrated in numerous double-blind studies, placebo-controlled studies are still commonly performed. Although much is known about the ...
Martina Hummer, Roswitha Holzmeister, Georg Kemmler, Ursula Eder, Alex Hofer, Ilsemarie Kurzthaler, Maria Oehl, Elisabeth Weiss, W Wolfgang Fleischhacker (J Clin Psychiatry, 200303)
attitudes-patients-schizophrenia-toward-placebo-controlled-clinical.asp

339.

Moral value transfer from regulatory fit: what feels right is right and what feels wrong is wrong.

People experience regulatory fit (E. T. Higgins, 2000) when the strategic manner of their goal pursuit suits their regulatory orientation, and this regulatory fit feels right. Fit violation feels wrong. Four studies tested the proposal that experiences ...
Christopher J Camacho, E Tory Higgins, Lindsay Luger (J Pers Soc Psychol, 200303)
moral-value-transfer-regulatory-fit-feels-right-right-feels-wrong.asp

340.

"Clinical reasoning theater": a new approach to clinical reasoning education.

Recently the authors developed and implemented a new approach to clinical reasoning education called clinical reasoning theater (CRT). The purpose of CRT is to demonstrate the process of clinical reasoning to students through the conversation of a doctor ...
Jan C C Borleffs, Eugène J F M Custers, Jan van Gijn, Olle Th J ten Cate (Acad Med, 200303)
clinical-reasoning-theater-new-approach-clinical-reasoning-education.asp