Conditioning, Operant

1.

Effects of learning on smooth pursuit during transient disappearance of a visual target.

Previous research has demonstrated learning in the pursuit system, but it is unclear whether these effects are the result of changes in visual or motor processing. The ability to maintain smooth pursuit during the transient disappearance of a visual ...
Laurent Madelain, Richard J Krauzlis (J Neurophysiol, 200308)
effects-learning-smooth-pursuit-transient-disappearance-visual-target.asp

2.

Brain function and conditioning in posttraumatic stress disorder.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is commonly treated by psychotherapy, which may draw upon behavioural psychology or cognitive-behavioural psychology, thereby making use of desensitisation techniques--amongst others; hypnotherapy may also be used. ...
K Redgrave (J R Soc Health, 200306)
brain-function-conditioning-posttraumatic-stress-disorder.asp

3.

Reinstatement maintains a memory in human infants for 1(1/2) years.

This study tested the proposition of Campbell and Jaynes (1966) that reinstatement is the mechanism by which early memories are maintained over a significant period of development. In four progressive replications, 6-month-old human infants learned to ...
Kristin Hartshorn (Dev Psychobiol, 200304)
reinstatement-maintains-memory-human-infants--years.asp

4.

Modifying behavioral variability in moderately depressed students.

This study asked whether response sequences generated by moderately depressed students are more repetitive than those generated by nondepressed students and whether sequence variability can be increased in those identified as depressed. Seventy-five ...
Jennifer Hopkinson, Allen Neuringer (Behav Modif, 200304)
modifying-behavioral-variability-moderately-depressed-students.asp

5.

Investigations of the precedence effect in budgerigars: effects of stimulus type, intensity, duration, and location.

Auditory experiments on the localization of sounds in the presence of reflections, or echoes, that arrive later and from different directions are important to understanding hearing in natural environments. The perceived location of the auditory image can ...
Micheal L Dent, Robert J Dooling (J Acoust Soc Am, 200304)
investigations-precedence-effect-budgerigars-effects-stimulus-type.asp

6.

Does infant memory expression reflect age at encoding or age at retrieval?

Do human infants express a memory acquired earlier in ontogeny in a manner appropriate to their age at encoding or their age at the time of retrieval? To answer this, we exploited the fact that retention is highly context dependent at 6 months but not at ...
Kristin Hartshorn, Carolyn Rovee-Collier (Dev Psychobiol, 200304)
infant-memory-expression-reflect-age-encoding-or-age-retrieval.asp

7.

Preresponse cues reduce the impairing effects of alcohol on the execution and suppression of responses.

The present study examined the effects of alcohol on the ability to execute and inhibit behavior in a context in which preliminary information signaled the likelihood that a response should be executed or suppressed. Social drinkers (N = 12) performed a ...
Cecile A Marczinski, Mark T Fillmore (Exp Clin Psychopharmacol, 200302)
preresponse-cues-reduce-impairing-effects-alcohol-execution.asp

8.

The delivery rate of dietary carbohydrates affects cognitive performance in both rats and humans.

RATIONALE: Glucose is the main metabolic fuel of the brain. The rate of glucose delivery from food to the bloodstream depends on the nature of carbohydrates in the diet, which can be summarized as the glycaemic index (GI). OBJECTIVES: To assess the ...
David Benton, Marie-Pierre Ruffin, Taous Lassel, Samantha Nabb, Michaël Messaoudi, Sophie Vinoy, Didier Desor, Vincent Lang (Psychopharmacology (Berl), 200302)
delivery-rate-dietary-carbohydrates-affects-cognitive-performance.asp

9.

Interval timing as an emergent learning property.

Interval timing in operant conditioning is the learned covariation of a temporal dependent measure such as wait time with a temporal independent variable such as fixed-interval duration. The dominant theories of interval timing all incorporate an ...
Valentin Dragoi, J E R Staddon, Richard G Palmer, Catalin V Buhusi (Psychol Rev, 200301)
interval-timing-emergent-learning-property.asp

10.

Differential memory-preserving effects of reminders at 6 months.

Although reactivation and reinstatement reminders differ procedurally, differences in their memory-preserving effects have been described as artifactual. In three experiments, we examined this conclusion. One hundred and twelve 6-month-olds learned an ...
Karen Hildreth, Becky Sweeney, Carolyn Rovee-Collier (J Exp Child Psychol, 200301)
differential-memory-preserving-effects-reminders-months.asp