Conditioning, Classical

1.

Cyclic AMP response element-binding (CREB)-like proteins in a molluscan brain: cellular localization and learning-induced phosphorylation.

The phosphorylation and the binding to DNA of the nuclear transcription factor, cyclic adenosine 3,5-monophosphate (cAMP) response element-binding protein (CREB) are conserved key steps in the molecular cascade leading to the formation of long-term ...
Maria J Ribeiro, Zoltán Serfozo, Andrea Papp, Ildikó Kemenes, Michael OShea, Jerry C P Yin, Paul R Benjamin, György Kemenes (Eur J Neurosci, 200309)
cyclic-amp-response-element-binding-creb-like-proteins-molluscan.asp

2.

Encoding predictive reward value in human amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex.

Adaptive behavior is optimized in organisms that maintain flexible representations of the value of sensory-predictive cues. To identify central representations of predictive reward value in humans, we used reinforcer devaluation while measuring neural ...
Jay A Gottfried, John ODoherty, Raymond J Dolan (Science, 200308)
encoding-predictive-reward-value-human-amygdala-orbitofrontal-cortex.asp

3.

Classical conditioning and modification of the rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) unconditioned nictitating membrane response.

A fundamental tenet of behavior is that a reflex is automatic, unconscious, involuntary, and relatively invariant. However, we have discovered that a reflex can change dramatically as a function of classical conditioning, and this change can be ...
Bernard G Schreurs (Behav Cogn Neurosci Rev, 200306)
classical-conditioning-modification-rabbit-s-oryctolagus-cuniculus.asp

4.

On the role of stimulus-response and stimulus-stimulus compatibility in the Stroop effect.

Stroop effects might be due to differences in stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) and/or to differences in stimulus-stimulus compatibility (SSC). Recent evidence for the role of SSC is inconclusive, because there were no controls for effects of SRC ...
Jan De Houwer (Mem Cognit, 200304)
role-stimulus-response-stimulus-stimulus-compatibility-stroop-effect.asp

5.

Temporal prediction errors in a passive learning task activate human striatum.

Functional MRI experiments in human subjects strongly suggest that the striatum participates in processing information about the predictability of rewarding stimuli. However, stimuli can be unpredictable in character (what stimulus arrives next), ...
Samuel M McClure, Gregory S Berns, P Read Montague (Neuron, 200304)
temporal-prediction-errors-passive-learning-task-activate-human.asp

6.

Temporal difference models and reward-related learning in the human brain.

Temporal difference learning has been proposed as a model for Pavlovian conditioning, in which an animal learns to predict delivery of reward following presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS). A key component of this model is a prediction error ...
John P ODoherty, Peter Dayan, Karl Friston, Hugo Critchley, Raymond J Dolan (Neuron, 200304)
temporal-difference-models-reward-related-learning-human-brain.asp

7.

Principles of pleasure prediction: specifying the neural dynamics of human reward learning.

Accumulating evidence from nonhuman primates suggests that midbrain dopamine cells code reward prediction errors and that this signal subserves reward learning in dopamine-receiving brain structures. In this issue of Neuron, McClure et al. and ODoherty ...
Todd S Braver, Joshua W Brown (Neuron, 200304)
principles-pleasure-prediction-specifying-neural-dynamics-human.asp

8.

Pharmacology of human experimental anxiety.

This review covers the effect of drugs affecting anxiety using four psychological procedures for inducing experimental anxiety applied to healthy volunteers and patients with anxiety disorders. The first is aversive conditioning of the skin conductance ...
F G Graeff, A Parente, C M Del-Ben, F S Guimarães (Braz J Med Biol Res, 200304)
pharmacology-human-experimental-anxiety.asp

9.

Single-cue delay and trace classical conditioning in schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: Classical conditioning provides a means of addressing mechanisms of learning and can therefore help understand the pathophysiology of memory alteration in schizophrenia. METHODS: Single cue delay and trace eyeblink conditioning were used in ...
Stefano Marenco, Daniel R Weinberger, Bernard G Schreurs (Biol Psychiatry, 200303)
single-cue-delay-trace-classical-conditioning-schizophrenia.asp

10.

Similarity and discrimination in human Pavlovian conditioning.

We report three Pavlovian eyelid conditioning experiments with humans, designed to experimentally decide between elemental and configural learning theories. We used two different designs originally proposed by Redhead and Pearce (1995). In Experiments 1 ...
Annette Kinder, Harald Lachnit (Psychophysiology, 200303)
similarity-discrimination-human-pavlovian-conditioning.asp