Computer Simulation

271.

Enhanced semantic priming in schizophrenia: a computer model based on excessive pruning of local connections in association cortex.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have found that people with schizophrenia exhibit abnormally high levels of semantic priming. Post-mortem and neuroimaging studies of schizophrenia suggest a reduction of neuritic processes (dendrites and synapses). AIMS: To ...
Peter J Siekmeier, Ralph E Hoffman (Br J Psychiatry, 200204)
enhanced-semantic-priming-schizophrenia-computer-model-based.asp

272.

Activity patterns in a model for the subthalamopallidal network of the basal ganglia.

Based on recent experimental data, we have developed a conductance-based computational network model of the subthalamic nucleus and the external segment of the globus pallidus in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia. Computer simulations and ...
D Terman, J E Rubin, A C Yew, C J Wilson (J Neurosci, 200204)
activity-patterns-model-subthalamopallidal-network-basal-ganglia.asp

273.

Effects of manual versus voice-activated dialing during simulated driving.

We measured driving performance (lane-keeping errors, driving times, and glances away from the road scene) in a video driving simulator for 24 volunteers who each drove alone on a 10.6-km multicurved course while simultaneously placing calls on a mobile ...
James W Jenness, Raymond J Lattanzio, Maura OToole, Nancy Taylor, Christina Pax (Percept Mot Skills, 200204)
effects-manual-versus-voice-activated-dialing-simulated-driving.asp

274.

Neural mechanisms of planning: a computational analysis using event-related fMRI.

To investigate the neural mechanisms of planning, we used a novel adaptation of the Tower of Hanoi (TOH) task and event-related functional MRI. Participants were trained in applying a specific strategy to an isomorph of the five-disk TOH task. After ...
Jon M Fincham, Cameron S Carter, Vincent van Veen, V Andrew Stenger, John R Anderson (Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 200203)
neural-mechanisms-planning-computational-analysis-event-related-fmri.asp

275.

Use of a high-fidelity simulator to develop testing of the technical performance of novice anaesthetists.

BACKGROUND: We used the Delphi technique to gain a consensus from 26 consultant anaesthetists about technical tasks during general anaesthesia. We then developed a technical scoring system to assess anaesthetists undertaking general anaesthesia with ...
F C Forrest, M A Taylor, K Postlethwaite, R Aspinall (Br J Anaesth, 200203)
high-fidelity-simulator-develop-testing-technical-performance-novice.asp

276.

Predicting the unpredictable.

The collective behavior of people in crowds, markets, and organizations has long been a mystery. Why, for instance, do employee bonuses sometimes lead to decreases in productivity? Why do some products generate tremendous buzz, seemingly out of nowhere, ...
Eric Bonabeau (Harv Bus Rev, 200203)
predicting-unpredictable.asp

277.

Examining the effects of tobacco treatment policies on smoking rates and smoking related deaths using the SimSmoke computer simulation model.

OBJECTIVES: To develop a simulation model to predict the effects of different smoking treatment policies on quit rates, smoking rates, and smoking attributable deaths. METHODS: We first develop a decision theoretic model of quitting behaviour, which ...
D T Levy, K Friend (Tob Control, 200203)
examining-effects-tobacco-treatment-policies-smoking-rates-smoking.asp

278.

A dynamical model of saccade generation in reading based on spatially distributed lexical processing.

The understanding of the control of eye movements has greatly benefited from the analysis of mathematical models. Currently most comprehensive models include sequential shifts of visual attention. Here we propose an alternative model of eye movement ...
Ralf Engbert, André Longtin, Reinhold Kliegl (Vision Res, 200203)
dynamical-model-saccade-generation-reading-based-spatially.asp

279.

Development and evaluation of a graphical anesthesia drug display.

BACKGROUND: Usable real-time displays of intravenous anesthetic concentrations and effects could significantly enhance intraoperative clinical decision-making. Pharmacokinetic models are available to estimate past, present, and future drug effect-site ...
Noah D Syroid, James Agutter, Frank A Drews, Dwayne R Westenskow, Robert W Albert, Julio C Bermudez, David L Strayer, Hauke Prenzel, Robert G Loeb, Matthew B Weinger (Anesthesiology, 200203)
development-evaluation-graphical-anesthesia-drug-display.asp

280.

Neural processing of gravitoinertial cues in humans. III. Modeling tilt and translation responses.

All linear accelerometers measure gravitoinertial force, which is the sum of gravitational force (tilt) and inertial force due to linear acceleration (translation). Neural strategies must exist to elicit tilt and translation responses from this ambiguous ...
D M Merfeld, L H Zupan (J Neurophysiol, 200202)
neural-processing-gravitoinertial-cues-humans-iii-modeling-tilt.asp