Cognition

641.

Measuring cognitive vulnerability to depression in adolescence: reliability, validity, and gender differences.

Evaluated the psychometric properties of a newly created measure of cognitive vulnerability to depression for use with adolescents. Previous measures have shown poor internal consistency reliability and have not completely assessed all hypothesized ...
Benjamin L Hankin, Lyn Y Abramson (J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol, 200212)
measuring-cognitive-vulnerability-depression-adolescence-reliability.asp

642.

Alcohol consumption impairs detection of performance errors in mediofrontal cortex.

The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is a critical component of the human mediofrontal neural circuit that monitors ongoing processing in the cognitive system for signs of erroneous outcomes. Here, we show that the consumption of alcohol in moderate doses ...
K Richard Ridderinkhof, Yolande de Vlugt, Aldo Bramlage, Marcus Spaan, Martin Elton, Jan Snel, Guido P H Band (Science, 200212)
alcohol-consumption-impairs-detection-performance-errors-mediofrontal.asp

643.

Cognitive allocentric representations of visual space shape pointing errors.

Subjects reached in three-dimensional space to a set of remembered targets whose position was varied randomly from trial to trial, but always fell along a "virtual" line (line condition). Targets were presented briefly, one-by-one and in an empty visual ...
M Carrozzo, F Stratta, J McIntyre, F Lacquaniti (Exp Brain Res, 200212)
cognitive-allocentric-representations-visual-space-shape-pointing.asp

644.

The social anxiety spectrum.

Social anxiety disorder is well suited to the spectrum concept because it has trait-like qualities of early onset, chronicity, and no empirically derived threshold that demarcates normal from clinically significant trait social anxiety. Social anxiety ...
Franklin R Schneier, Carlos Blanco, Smita X Antia, Michael R Liebowitz (Psychiatr Clin North Am, 200212)
social-anxiety-spectrum.asp

645.

Relationship between alertness, performance, and body temperature in humans.

Body temperature has been reported to influence human performance. Performance is reported to be better when body temperature is high/near its circadian peak and worse when body temperature is low/near its circadian minimum. We assessed whether this ...
Kenneth P Wright, Joseph T Hull, Charles A Czeisler (Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol, 200212)
relationship-alertness-performance-body-temperature-humans.asp

646.

Roles of histamine in regulation of arousal and cognition: functional neuroimaging of histamine H1 receptors in human brain.

Brain histamine is involved in a wide range of physiological functions such as regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, arousal, cognition, and memory mainly through interactions with histamine H1 receptors (H1Rs). Neurons producing histamine, histaminergic ...
Manabu Tashiro, Hideki Mochizuki, Kentaro Iwabuchi, Yumiko Sakurada, Masatoshi Itoh, Takehiko Watanabe, Kazuhiko Yanai (Life Sci, 200212)
roles-histamine-regulation-arousal-cognition-functional-neuroimaging.asp

647.

Reduced task-set inertia in Parkinsons disease.

This study investigated the relationship between cognitive inhibition and set-switching costs in 13 patients with Parkinsons disease (PD) and 16 control subjects using a set-switching task with fully predictable switches. Incongruent colour-words and ...
Petra M J Pollux, Colin Robertson (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 200212)
reduced-task-set-inertia-parkinson-s-disease.asp

648.

The origins of levels-of-processing effects in a conceptual test: evidence for automatic influences of memory from the process-dissociation procedure.

In three experiments, we explored automatic influences of memory in a conceptual memory task, as affected by a levels-of-processing (LoP) manipulation. We also explored the origins of the LoP effect by examining whether the effect emerged only when ...
Dafna Bergerbest, Yonatan Goshen-Gottstein (Mem Cognit, 200212)
origins-levels-processing-effects-conceptual-test-evidence-automatic.asp

649.

When expertise backfires: contrast and assimilation effects in persuasion.

It was proposed that source cues bias message processing in a direction opposite to cue valence if message content violates cue-based expectancies (contrast hypothesis), but consistent with cue valence if message content is ambiguous (bias hypothesis). ...
Gerd Bohner, Markus Ruder, Hans-Peter Erb (Br J Soc Psychol, 200212)
expertise-backfires-contrast-assimilation-effects-persuasion.asp

650.

Role of the cerebellum in motor cognition.

Cerebellar data from five experiments using different groups of subjects performing the same motor learning task are presented. Positron emission tomography (PET) as well as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to study changes in ...
Hanneke I Van Mier, Steve E Petersen (Ann N Y Acad Sci, 200212)
role-cerebellum-motor-cognition.asp