Cognition

631.

A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of language processing and its cognitive correlates in prematurely born children.

OBJECTIVE: Abnormalities in brain structure, cognition, and behavior have been described in children born prematurely. However, no direct in vivo evidence has yet demonstrated abnormal neural processing in these children. Our aim was to compare brain ...
Bradley S Peterson, Betty Vohr, Michael J Kane, Douglas H Whalen, Karen C Schneider, Karol H Katz, Heping Zhang, Charles C Duncan, Robert Makuch, John C Gore, Laura R Ment (Pediatrics, 200212)
functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-study-language-processing.asp

632.

Exploring change mechanisms in EMDR applied to "small-t trauma" in short-term dynamic psychotherapy: research questions and speculations.

This article represents a process of preliminary search and discovery regarding the active mechanisms in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) when used in Short-Term Dynamic Psychotherapy (STDP). Patients (N = 7) responses to EMDR ...
Leigh McCullough (J Clin Psychol, 200212)
exploring-change-mechanisms-emdr-applied-small-t-trauma-short-term.asp

633.

A computational approach to control in complex cognition.

Cognitive deficits associated with dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) damage are often most apparent in higher cognitive tasks that involve problem solving and managing multiple goals. However, computational models of prefrontal deficits on such ...
Thad A Polk, Patrick Simen, Richard L Lewis, Eric Freedman (Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 200212)
computational-approach-control-complex-cognition.asp

634.

Control of language use: cognitive modeling of the hemodynamics of Stroop task performance.

The control of language use has in its simplest form perhaps been most intensively studied using the color-word Stroop task. The authors review chronometric and neuroimaging evidence on Stroop task performance to evaluate two prominent, implemented ...
Ardi Roelofs, Peter Hagoort (Brain Res Cogn Brain Res, 200212)
control-language-cognitive-modeling-hemodynamics-stroop-task.asp

635.

Is the prioritization of postural control altered in conditions of postural threat in younger and older adults?

Background. The purpose of this study was to determine if the prioritization of postural control over secondary task performance is altered in younger and older adults under different conditions of postural threat. Methods. Fifteen healthy older adults ...
Lesley A Brown, Ryan J Sleik, Melody A Polych, William H Gage (J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 200212)
prioritization-postural-control-altered-conditions-postural-threat.asp

636.

Identifying living and sentient kinds from dynamic information: the case of goal-directed versus aimless autonomous movement in conceptual change.

To reason competently about novel entities, people must discover whether the entity is alive and/or sentient. Exactly how people make this discovery is unknown, although past researchers have proposed that young children--unlike adults--rely chiefly on ...
John E Opfer (Cognition, 200212)
identifying-living-sentient-kinds-dynamic-information-case-goal.asp

637.

Longitudinal, 15-year follow-up of children born at less than 29 weeks gestation after introduction of surfactant therapy into a region: neurologic, cognitive, and educational outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To measure the primary and secondary school-age neurologic, cognitive, and educational outcomes in a cohort of extremely premature infants born after the introduction of exogenous surfactant therapy in a circumscribed region. METHODS: Two ...
Carl T DAngio, Robert A Sinkin, Timothy P Stevens, Nancy K Landfish, Joan L Merzbach, Rita M Ryan, Dale L Phelps, Donna R Palumbo, Gary J Myers (Pediatrics, 200212)
longitudinal--year-follow-up-children-born-less-weeks-gestation.asp

638.

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and cognitive function in healthy elderly men.

Subtle cognitive decrements in older people are important in terms of the associated morbidity and as a risk factor for dementia. However, their pathophysiological basis is poorly understood. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) may provide ...
Karen J Ferguson, Alasdair M J MacLullich, Ian Marshall, Ian J Deary, John M Starr, Jonathan R Seckl, Joanna M Wardlaw (Brain, 200212)
magnetic-resonance-spectroscopy-cognitive-function-healthy-elderly-men.asp

639.

Nicotinic receptor subtypes and cognitive function.

Nicotinic receptor systems are involved in a wide variety of behavioral functions including cognitive function. Nicotinic medications may provide beneficial treatment for cognitive dysfunction such as Alzheimers disease, schizophrenia, and attention ...
Edward D Levin (J Neurobiol, 200212)
nicotinic-receptor-subtypes-cognitive-function.asp

640.

Nicotinic receptors in aging and dementia.

Activation of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) has been shown to maintain cognitive function following aging or the development of dementia. Nicotine and nicotinic agonists have been shown to improve cognitive function in aged or ...
Marina R Picciotto, Michele Zoli (J Neurobiol, 200212)
nicotinic-receptors-aging-dementia.asp