Cognition

51.

Measuring transactive memory systems in the field: scale development and validation.

This study describes the development and validity testing of a field measure of transactive memory systems. Transactive memory systems are especially important for teams designed to leverage members expertise, but field research has lagged because there ...
Kyle Lewis (J Appl Psychol, 200308)
measuring-transactive-memory-systems-field-scale-development.asp

52.

Forgetting congruent and incongruent stereotypical information.

In 2 studies, the authors investigated the directed-forgetting effects of stereotypically congruent, incongruent, and irrelevant information, after the in-group (Swedish) and out-group (immigrant) social categories had been subliminally primed. Because ...
Tadesse Araya, Nazar Akrami, Bo Ekehammar (J Soc Psychol, 200308)
forgetting-congruent-incongruent-stereotypical-information.asp

53.

The importance of cognitive errors in diagnosis and strategies to minimize them.

In the area of patient safety, recent attention has focused on diagnostic error. The reduction of diagnostic error is an important goal because of its associated morbidity and potential preventability. A critical subset of diagnostic errors arises ...
Pat Croskerry (Acad Med, 200308)
importance-cognitive-errors-diagnosis-strategies-minimize-them.asp

54.

The rate of cognitive decline and risk of reaching clinical milestones in Alzheimer disease.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies revealed that cognitive test scores were related to functional outcome in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the relationship between the rate of cognitive decline at the initial disease phase and the risk of reaching clinical ...
Roee Holtzer, Domonick J Wegesin, Steven M Albert, Karen Marder, Karen Bell, Marilyn Albert, Jason Brandt, Yaakov Stern (Arch Neurol, 200308)
rate-cognitive-decline-risk-reaching-clinical-milestones-alzheimer.asp

55.

In vitro pharmacological characterization of (+/-)-4-[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio]phenol hydrochloride (SIB-1553A), a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor ligand.

SIB-1553A ((+/-)-4-[2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]thio]phenol HCl) is a neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) ligand which displaced the binding of [3H]nicotine (NIC) to the rat brain nAChRs with an IC(50) value of 110 nM with no ...
Tadimeti S Rao, Pamala B Adams, Lucia D Correa, Emily M Santori, Aida I Sacaan, Richard T Reid, Carla M Suto, Jean Michel Vernier (Brain Res, 200308)
vitro-pharmacological-characterization---methyl-pyrrolidinyl.asp

56.

Cognitive underpinnings of diagnostic error.

Unfortunately, general limits in cognitive performance extend to diagnostic situations. The authors remain optimistic about reducing cognition-based error, but not as optimistic as Croskerry (see his accompanying article), since the reality is that ...
Ruthanna Gordon, Nancy Franklin (Acad Med, 200308)
cognitive-underpinnings-diagnostic-error.asp

57.

Lack of association between polymorphisms in angiotensin-converting-enzyme and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genes and normal cognitive ageing in humans.

The hypothesis that polymorphisms at two candidate genes that code for angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) are associated with normal cognitive ageing was tested using a sample (n=536) of healthy ...
Peter M Visscher, Maria Tynan, Martha C Whiteman, Alison Pattie, Ian White, Caroline Hayward, Alan F Wright, John M Starr, Lawrence J Whalley, Ian J Deary (Neurosci Lett, 200308)
lack-association-polymorphisms-angiotensin-converting-enzyme.asp

58.

Metacognitive training to reduce diagnostic errors: ready for prime time?

The accuracy of medical diagnosis is often degraded when diagnosis deviates from the principles of normative decision making. Although diagnostic errors can potentially be reduced by metacognitive training, that proposal (put forth by Croskerry in an ...
Mark Graber (Acad Med, 200308)
metacognitive-training-reduce-diagnostic-errors-ready-prime-time.asp

59.

Effects of demographic and health variables on Rasch scaled cognitive scores.

Objectives: To determine whether demographic and health variables interact to predict cognitive scores in Asset and Health Dynamics of the Oldest-Old (AHEAD), a representative survey of older Americans, as a test of the developmental discontinuity ...
Elizabeth M Zelinski, Michael J Gilewski (J Aging Health, 200308)
effects-demographic-health-variables-rasch-scaled-cognitive-scores.asp

60.

Hand laterality and cognitive ability: a multiple regression approach.

Several different associations between hand laterality and cognitive ability have been proposed. Studies reporting different conclusions vary in their procedures for defining laterality, and several of them rely on measures which are statistically ...
Daniel Nettle (Brain Cogn, 200308)
hand-laterality-cognitive-ability-multiple-regression-approach.asp