Cognition

581.

Therapeutic implications of constitutive activity of receptors: the example of the histamine H3 receptor.

Some G-protein-coupled receptors display constitutive activity, that is spontaneous activity in the absence of agonist: a proportion of the receptor population adopts a conformation that can bind and activate G proteins. Whereas this was mainly shown to ...
J C Schwartz, S Morisset, A Rouleau, X Ligneau, F Gbahou, J Tardivel-Lacombe, H Stark, W Schunack, C R Ganellin, J M Arrang (J Neural Transm Suppl, 2003)
therapeutic-implications-constitutive-activity-receptors-example.asp

582.

An investigation into age and gender differences in human Kamin blocking, using a computerized task.

Kamin blocking (KB) is a function within selective attention found to be deficient in schizophrenia. Disparate results in the KB literature, specifically regarding age and gender effects, suggest that we do not yet have a comprehensive understanding of ...
A E Crookes, P M Moran (Dev Neuropsychol, 2003)
investigation-age-gender-differences-human-kamin-blocking.asp

583.

Cognitive styles: errors in directional judgments.

Previous studies on spatial memory have shown that, in judging direction, participants are more accurate and faster when a map is aligned with the perspective of the spatial layout they had learned (alignment effect). Rossano and Warren (1989 Perception ...
Raffaella Nori, Fiorella Giusberti (Perception, 2003)
cognitive-styles-errors-directional-judgments.asp

584.

Evolution of forebrain and spatial cognition in vertebrates: conservation across diversity.

Historically the dominant trend in comparative brain and behavior research has emphasized the differences in cognition and its neural basis among species. In fact, the vertebrate forebrain shows a remarkable range of diversity and specialized ...
Cosme Salas, Cristina Broglio, Fernando Rodríguez (Brain Behav Evol, 2003)
evolution-forebrain-spatial-cognition-vertebrates-conservation-across.asp

585.

The influence of risperidone on cognitive functions in schizophrenia.

Introduction of the antipsychotics of the second generation (SGA) into the therapy of schizophrenia roused expectations that, finally, the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia could be eliminated by psychopharmacological therapy. The purpose of the ...
Jelena Barkic, Pavo Filakovic, Ljiljana Radanovic-Grguric, Oliver Koic, Davor Laufer, Ivan Pozgain, Elvira Koic, Ljubomir Hotujac (Coll Antropol, 2003)
influence-risperidone-cognitive-functions-schizophrenia.asp

586.

L-Dopa medication remediates cognitive inflexibility, but increases impulsivity in patients with Parkinsons disease.

In the current study we investigated the role of dopamine in attentional and socio-emotional functioning by examining effects of withdrawing dopaminergic medication in patients with Parkinsons disease (PD). Patients "on" medication exhibited abnormal ...
Roshan Cools, Roger A Barker, Barbara J Sahakian, Trevor W Robbins (Neuropsychologia, 2003)
l-dopa-medication-remediates-cognitive-inflexibility-increases.asp

587.

Oxygenation and blood concentration changes in human subject prefrontal activation by anagram solutions.

Continued studies in cognitive function in problem solving of graded difficulties has now proceeded through several thousand tests of high school students in a six-week period last summer (2000). The optical imager used 9 sources and 23 detectors ...
Britton Chance, Shoko Nioka, Sajid Sadi, Connie Li (Adv Exp Med Biol, 2003)
oxygenation-blood-concentration-changes-human-subject-prefrontal.asp

588.

Cognition and mental health.

Many theories of mental health agree on the important role played by cognition. They differ however in how and by what process cognition influences mental health. Research in cognitive neuroscience directs our attention to 4 major points as relevant to ...
Yoshimi Matsuda (Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi, 2003)
cognition-mental-health.asp

589.

Too much thinking about thinking?: Metacognitive differences in obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Negative appraisals of intrusive thoughts and beliefs about the importance of thoughts are considered core mechanisms in cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In refinements of cognitive theory, differences in metacognitive processes ...
Amy S Janeck, John E Calamari, Bradley C Riemann, Susan K Heffelfinger (J Anxiety Disord, 2003)
too-much-thinking-thinking-metacognitive-differences-obsessive.asp

590.

The formation of rhythmic categories and metric priming.

Two experiments on categorical rhythm perception are reported, the object of which was to investigate how listeners perceive discrete rhythmic categories while listening to rhythms performed on a continuous time scale. This is studied by considering the ...
Peter Desain, Henkjan Honing (Perception, 2003)
formation-rhythmic-categories-metric-priming.asp