Cognition

461.

Saccade and cognitive function in chronic kava users.

Kava is an extract from the Piper methysticum Forst. f. plant that has been consumed in the Pacific islands for millennia and more recently, among indigenous populations, in northern Australia and throughout the Western world as an herbal medicine. ...
Sheree Cairney, Alan R Clough, Paul Maruff, Alex Collie, Bart J Currie, Jon Currie (Neuropsychopharmacology, 200302)
saccade-cognitive-function-chronic-kava-users.asp

462.

Outcome in high-functioning adults with autism with and without early language delays: implications for the differentiation between autism and Asperger syndrome.

The question of whether Asperger syndrome and high-functioning autism should be considered as the same or different conditions has been a source of debate and controversy over recent years. In the present study, 34 adults with autism who had shown early ...
Patricia Howlin (J Autism Dev Disord, 200302)
outcome-high-functioning-adults-autism-early-language-delays.asp

463.

Cognitive correlates of medial temporal lobe development across adolescence: a magnetic resonance imaging study.

Adolescent development involves progressive changes in brain structure and cognitive function, but relatively few studies have documented the cognitive correlates of differences in structural brain volumes in this age group. We examined the relations ...
Deborah A Yurgelun-Todd, William D S Killgore, Christina B Cintron (Percept Mot Skills, 200302)
cognitive-correlates-medial-temporal-lobe-development-across.asp

464.

Human hypnosis: autonomic and electroencephalographic correlates of a guided multimodal cognitive-emotional imagery.

The effects of a guided neutral and unpleasant imagery involving several sensory modalities were studied in hypnotized subjects. Heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (RF), tonic skin resistance and different electroencephalographic rhythms were ...
L Sebastiani, A Simoni, A Gemignani, B Ghelarducci, E L Santarcangelo (Neurosci Lett, 200302)
human-hypnosis-autonomic-electroencephalographic-correlates-guided.asp

465.

The delivery rate of dietary carbohydrates affects cognitive performance in both rats and humans.

RATIONALE: Glucose is the main metabolic fuel of the brain. The rate of glucose delivery from food to the bloodstream depends on the nature of carbohydrates in the diet, which can be summarized as the glycaemic index (GI). OBJECTIVES: To assess the ...
David Benton, Marie-Pierre Ruffin, Taous Lassel, Samantha Nabb, Michaël Messaoudi, Sophie Vinoy, Didier Desor, Vincent Lang (Psychopharmacology (Berl), 200302)
delivery-rate-dietary-carbohydrates-affects-cognitive-performance.asp

466.

Similarity as transformation.

We propose that similarity is determined by the transformation distance between representations: entities which are perceived to be similar have representations which are readily transformed into one another, whereas transforming between dissimilar ...
Ulrike Hahn, Nick Chater, Lucy B Richardson (Cognition, 200302)
similarity-transformation.asp

467.

Explaining modulation of reasoning by belief.

Although deductive reasoning is a closed system, ones beliefs about the world can influence validity judgements. To understand the associated functional neuroanatomy of this belief-bias we studied 14 volunteers using event-related fMRI, as they performed ...
Vinod Goel, Raymond J Dolan (Cognition, 200302)
explaining-modulation-reasoning-belief.asp

468.

Practice and difficulty evoke anatomically and pharmacologically dissociable brain activation dynamics.

Brain activation is adaptive to task difficulty and practice. We used functional MRI to map brain systems activated by an object-location learning task in 24 healthy elderly volunteers each scanned following placebo and two of four active drugs studied. ...
Ed Bullmore, John Suckling, Fernando Zelaya, Chris Long, Garry Honey, Laurence Reed, Carol Routledge, Virginia Ng, Paul Fletcher, John Brown, Steve C R Williams (Cereb Cortex, 200302)
practice-difficulty-evoke-anatomically-pharmacologically-dissociable.asp

469.

Associative knowledge controls deployment of visual selective attention.

According to some models of visual selective attention, objects in a scene activate corresponding neural representations, which compete for perceptual awareness and motor behavior. During a visual search for a target object, top-down control exerted by ...
Elisabeth Moores, Liana Laiti, Leonardo Chelazzi (Nat Neurosci, 200302)
associative-knowledge-controls-deployment-visual-selective-attention.asp

470.

Effects of fat content on fat hedonics: cognition or taste?

Understanding and perhaps overriding preferences for fat is important, given the relationship between higher dietary fat consumption and poorer health. We have examined the roles of potential mechanisms for differences in fat preference: actual fat ...
Deborah Bowen, Pamela Green, Nancy Vizenor, Cathy Vu, Petra Kreuter, Barbara Rolls (Physiol Behav, 200302)
effects-fat-content-fat-hedonics-cognition-or-taste.asp