Cognition

251.

Do clinicians understand why individuals stop taking lithium?

BACKGROUND: Previous research highlights that, over a 2-year period, up to 50% of individuals receiving lithium prophylaxis are non-adherent with medication against medical advice. The main reasons identified by clinicians only partially reflect the ...
Marie Pope, Jan Scott (J Affect Disord, 200305)
clinicians-understand-why-individuals-stop-taking-lithium.asp

252.

Individual differences in prefrontal cortical activation on the Tower of London planning task: implication for effortful processing.

Solving challenging (effortful) problems is known to involve the dorsal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in normal volunteers, although there is considerable individual variation. In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, we show that ...
F Cazalis, R Valabrègue, M Pélégrini-Issac, S Asloun, T W Robbins, S Granon (Eur J Neurosci, 200305)
individual-differences-prefrontal-cortical-activation-tower-london.asp

253.

Predictors of older adults capacity for medication management in a self-medication program: a retrospective chart review.

The aim of this project was to identify variables that predicted older adults ability to manage medications. METHODS. The study used a retrospective cohort design and was set in a self-medication program within a rehabilitation hospital. A random sample ...
Sheri L Maddigan, Karen B Farris, Norah Keating, Cheryl A Wiens, Jeffrey A Johnson (J Aging Health, 200305)
predictors-older-adults-capacity-medication-management-self.asp

254.

Chronic exposure to NMDA receptor and sodium channel blockers during development in monkeys and rats: long-term effects on cognitive function.

The effects of chronic administration of MK-801 (NMDA-receptor antagonist) and remacemide (sodium channel blocker) on monkey learning of several brain function tasks was assessed in juveniles (nine months old). Low (LO) and high (HI) doses of both drugs ...
Merle G Paule, C Matthew Fogle, Richard R Allen, Edwin C Pearson, Timothy G Hammond, E Jon Popke (Ann N Y Acad Sci, 200305)
chronic-exposure-nmda-receptor-sodium-channel-blockers-development.asp

255.

Attention maintains mental extrapolation of target position: irrelevant distractors eliminate forward displacement after implied motion.

Observers judgments of the final position of a moving target are typically shifted in the direction of implied motion ("representational momentum"). The role of attention is unclear: visual attention may be necessary to maintain or halt target ...
Dirk Kerzel (Cognition, 200305)
attention-maintains-mental-extrapolation-target-position-irrelevant.asp

256.

Significant improvement in frontal lobe associated neuropsychological functions after withdrawal of topiramate in epilepsy patients.

RATIONALE: Topiramate (TPM) is a highly effective anticonvulsant drug, but a comparably high rate of cognitive adverse effects have been reported. In this study, we investigated changes in frontal lobe associated cognitive measures after TPM withdrawal ...
Edgar Kockelmann, Christian E Elger, Christoph Helmstaedter (Epilepsy Res, 200305)
significant-improvement-frontal-lobe-associated-neuropsychological.asp

257.

Phenotypic and behavioral genetic covariation between elemental cognitive components and scholastic measures.

The study subjected nine elementary cognitive task variables from the Cognitive Assessment Tasks (CAT) and three scholastic measures from the Metropolitan Achievement Test (MAT) to phenotypic and behavioral genetic structural equation modeling based on ...
Dasen Luo, Lee Anne Thompson, Douglas K Detterman (Behav Genet, 200305)
phenotypic-behavioral-genetic-covariation-elemental-cognitive.asp

258.

Can holistic processing be learned for inverted faces?

The origin of "special" processing for upright faces has been a matter of ongoing debate. If it is due to generic expertise, as opposed to having some innate component, holistic processing should be learnable for stimuli other than upright faces. Here we ...
Rachel Robbins, Elinor McKone (Cognition, 200305)
holistic-processing-learned-inverted-faces.asp

259.

Direct causation in the linguistic coding and individuation of causal events.

This research proposes a new theory of direct causation and examines how this concept plays a key role in the linguistic coding and individuation of causal events. According to the no-intervening-cause hypothesis, a causal chain can be described by a ...
Phillip Wolff (Cognition, 200305)
direct-causation-linguistic-coding-individuation-causal-events.asp

260.

Alcohol, aging, and cognitive performance: a cross-cultural comparison.

This study investigated the relationship between alcohol consumption and cognitive performance in two culturally diverse community-based populations. METHODS. A cross-sectional analysis was used including Japanese Americans (n = 1,836) and Caucasians (n ...
Gail E Bond, Robert Burr, Madeline Murguia Rice, Susan M McCurry, Amy Borenstein Graves, Linda Teri, James D Bowen, Wayne C McCormick, Eric B Larson (J Aging Health, 200305)
alcohol-aging-cognitive-performance-cross-cultural-comparison.asp