Cognition

231.

A cross-modal weapon focus effect: The influence of a weapons presence on memory for auditory information.

To examine whether a weapons presence impairs witnesses memory for auditory information (as it impairs memory for visual information), we conducted two experiments in which undergraduates watched one version of a videotape depicting a male target who ...
Kerri L Pickel, Tricia A French, Jessica M Betts (Memory, 200305)
cross-modal-weapon-focus-effect-influence-weapon-s-presence-memory.asp

232.

Cognitive psychology and self-reports: models and methods.

This article describes the models and methods that cognitive psychologists and survey researchers use to evaluate and experimentally test cognitive issues in questionnaire design and subsequently improve self-report instruments. These models and methods ...
Jared B Jobe (Qual Life Res, 200305)
cognitive-psychology-self-reports-models-methods.asp

233.

Pretesting survey instruments: an overview of cognitive methods.

This article puts forward the case that survey questionnaires, which are a type of measuring instrument, can and should be tested to ensure they meet their purpose. Traditionally survey researchers have been pre-occupied with standardising data ...
Debbie Collins (Qual Life Res, 200305)
pretesting-survey-instruments-overview-cognitive-methods.asp

234.

Hi! How are you? Response shift, implicit theories and differing epistemologies.

Measures of Health Related Quality of Life (HRQL) occupy a continuum, from highly standardized econometric methods such as the time tradeoff and standard gamble to individualized global measures. Each has its vocal adherents, each involves different ...
Geoffrey Norman (Qual Life Res, 200305)
hi-response-shift-implicit-theories-differing-epistemologies.asp

235.

Cognitive approaches to summary measurement: its application to the measurement of diversity in health-related quality of life assessments.

This paper describes elements of a cognitive approach to summary measurement, as it is applied to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) assessment. A summary measure, by its very nature, represents, but does not reproduce, some body of information. As a ...
Ivan Barofsky (Qual Life Res, 200305)
cognitive-approaches-summary-measurement-application-measurement.asp

236.

Estrogen plus progestin and the incidence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in postmenopausal women: the Womens Health Initiative Memory Study: a randomized controlled trial.

CONTEXT: Postmenopausal women have a greater risk than men of developing Alzheimer disease, but studies of the effects of estrogen therapy on Alzheimer disease have been inconsistent. On July 8, 2002, the study drugs, estrogen plus progestin, in the ...
Sally A Shumaker, Claudine Legault, Stephen R Rapp, Leon Thal, Robert B Wallace, Judith K Ockene, Susan L Hendrix, Beverly N Jones, Annlouise R Assaf, Rebecca D Jackson, Jane Morley Kotchen, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Jean Wactawski-Wende, (JAMA, 200305)
estrogen-plus-progestin-incidence-dementia-mild-cognitive-impairment.asp

237.

Ordering our world: An examination of time in autobiographical memory.

In two studies people judged the order in which two real-world events occurred. Ordering performance was better for events that were recent or widely separated in time. Ordering performance was also consistently related to predicted event memorability ...
John J Skowronski, W Richard Walker, Andrew L Betz (Memory, 200305)
ordering-world-examination-time-autobiographical-memory.asp

238.

Clinical case processing by medical experts and subexperts.

Medical specialists, diagnosing cases within their domain of expertise, do not rely on intentional causal reasoning, in which they use explicit principles or rules of their domain. Rather, their reasoning has become an automatic process using ...
Remy Rikers, Wilco Te Winkel, Sofie Loyens, Henk Schmidt (J Psychol, 200305)
clinical-case-processing-medical-experts-subexperts.asp

239.

The potential synergy between cognitive models and modern psychometric models.

Analyses of cognitive aspects of survey methodology (CASM) and psychometric analysis are two methods that are able to complement each other. We use concrete examples to illustrate how psychometric analyses can test hypotheses from CASM. The psychometrics ...
Jakob B Bjorner, John E Ware, Mark Kosinski (Qual Life Res, 200305)
potential-synergy-cognitive-models-modern-psychometric-models.asp

240.

A theory-based method for the evaluation of individual quality of life: the SEIQoL.

Few reports about methods of evaluating quality of life (QoL) among the thousands published since medical interest in the subject slowly began nearly 40 years ago are based upon theory. This paper, prepared in response to a request to furnish an ...
C R B Joyce, A Hickey, H M McGee, C A OBoyle (Qual Life Res, 200305)
theory-based-method-evaluation-individual-quality-life-seiqol.asp