Cognition

131.

Egocentrism versus protocentrism: the status of self in social prediction.

In this article, the author discusses the limitations of the egocentric view of self in which self serves as an automatic filter, inhibiting access to alternative representations of others thoughts and feelings. The author then outlines a protocentric ...
Rachel Karniol (Psychol Rev, 200307)
egocentrism-versus-protocentrism-status-self-social-prediction.asp

132.

Task-switching and long-term priming: role of episodic stimulus-task bindings in task-shift costs.

When subjects switch between two tasks, performance is slower after a task switch than after a task repetition. We report five experiments showing that a large part of these "task-shift-costs" cannot be attributed to a control operation, needed to ...
Florian Waszak, Bernhard Hommel, Alan Allport (Cognit Psychol, 200306)
task-switching-long-term-priming-role-episodic-stimulus-task-bindings.asp

133.

Prior knowledge and subtyping effects in childrens category learning.

Two experiments examined how 5- and 10-year-old children revise their category representations when exposed to exemplars that are congruent or incongruent with existing knowledge. During training children were presented with exemplars containing features ...
Brett K Hayes, Katrina Foster, Naomi Gadd (Cognition, 200306)
prior-knowledge-subtyping-effects-children-s-category-learning.asp

134.

Continuity between waking activities and dream activities.

Empirical studies largely support the continuity hypothesis of dreaming. Despite of previous research efforts, the exact formulation of the continuity hypothesis remains vague. The present paper focuses on two aspects: (1) the differential incorporation ...
Michael Schredl, Friedrich Hofmann (Conscious Cogn, 200306)
continuity-waking-activities-dream-activities.asp

135.

Task unrelated thought: the role of distributed processing.

Task unrelated thought (TUT) refers to thought directed away from the current situation; for example, a day dream. Encapsulated models of cognition propose that qualitative changes in consciousness, i.e., the production of TUT, can be explained in terms ...
Jonathan Smallwood, Marc Obonsawin, Derek Heim (Conscious Cogn, 200306)
task-unrelated-thought-role-distributed-processing.asp

136.

Accuracy of collateral source reports in very mild to mild dementia of the Alzheimer type.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the reporting accuracy of collateral sources (knowledgeable informants) regarding very mild and mild dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) and to identify characteristics associated with collateral source accuracy. DESIGN: Secondary ...
Pamela Z Cacchione, Kimberly K Powlishta, Elizabeth A Grant, Virginia D Buckles, John C Morris (J Am Geriatr Soc, 200306)
accuracy-collateral-source-reports-mild-mild-dementia-alzheimer-type.asp

137.

Manipulation: searching for an understanding.

Manipulative behaviour is one of the reasons why some psychiatric professionals dislike personality-disordered (PD) patients and dislike working with them. Being manipulated arouses strong negative emotions towards the manipulator and can have severe ...
L Bowers (J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 200306)
manipulation-searching-understanding.asp

138.

Perceiving numbers causes spatial shifts of attention.

Number symbols are part of our everyday visual world. Here we show that merely looking at numbers causes a shift in covert attention to the left or right side, depending upon the numbers magnitude. This observation implies obligatory activation of number ...
Martin H Fischer, Alan D Castel, Michael D Dodd, Jay Pratt (Nat Neurosci, 200306)
perceiving-numbers-causes-spatial-shifts-attention.asp

139.

The cognitive-orientation theory of anorexia nervosa.

The major goal was to explore the cognitive-motivational dynamics of anorexia in terms of the cognitive-orientation (CO) theory (Kreitler & Kreitler, 1982). CO is a comprehensive theory of behavior that assumes that behavior is a function of a ...
Shulamith Kreitler, Eytan Bachar, Laura Canetti, Elliot Berry, Omer Bonne (J Clin Psychol, 200306)
cognitive-orientation-theory-anorexia-nervosa.asp

140.

Marijuana alters the human cerebellar clock.

The effects of marijuana on brain perfusion and internal timing were assessed using [15O] water PET in occasional and chronic users. Twelve volunteers who smoked marijuana recreationally about once weekly, and 12 volunteers who smoked daily for a number ...
Daniel S OLeary, Robert I Block, Beth M Turner, Julie Koeppel, Vincent A Magnotta, Laura Boles Ponto, G Leonard Watkins, Richard D Hichwa, Nancy C Andreasen (Neuroreport, 200306)
marijuana-alters-human-cerebellar-clock.asp