Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity

41.

Neurotransmission of cognition, part 3. Mechanism of action of selective NRIs: both dopamine and norepinephrine increase in prefrontal cortex.

ISSUE: Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors exploit the fact that dopamine transporters are absent in prefrontal cortex, so dopamine has to hitchhike a ride on the norepinephrine transporter in order to be inactivated. Thus, blocking ...
Stephen M Stahl (J Clin Psychiatry, 200303)
neurotransmission-cognition-part-mechanism-action-selective-nris.asp

42.

Neurotransmission of cognition, part 2. Selective NRIs are smart drugs: exploiting regionally selective actions on both dopamine and norepinephrine to enhance cognition.

ISSUE: Selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as atomoxetine increase both dopamine and norepinephrine in frontal cortex and may thereby enhance cognitive functioning in attention-deficit/hyperactivity ...
Stephen M Stahl (J Clin Psychiatry, 200302)
neurotransmission-cognition-part-selective-nris-smart-drugs.asp

43.

Sensitivity to interference and response contingencies in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

BACKGROUND: Current theories on ADHD suggest executive and motivational deficits, but it remains unclear whether these are separate deficits or a unitary deficit. METHOD: ADHD children and matched controls performed on a hybrid disjunctive-choice ...
Eveline A Crone, J Richard Jennings, Maurits W van der Molen (J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 200302)
sensitivity-interference-response-contingencies-attention-deficit.asp

44.

Motor, cognitive, and behavioural disorders in children born very preterm.

Children born preterm have been shown to exhibit poor motor function and behaviour that is associated with school failure in the presence of average intelligence. A geographically determined cohort of two-hundred and eighty preterm children (151 males, ...
L A Foulder-Hughes, R W I Cooke (Dev Med Child Neurol, 200302)
motor-cognitive-behavioural-disorders-children-born-preterm.asp

45.

Autism and a deficit in broadening the spread of visual attention.

BACKGROUND: This study examines if visual attention in autism is spatially overfocused (Townsend & Courchesne, 1994) and if there is an associated deficit in broadening the spatial spread of attention. METHOD: Two crosshairs were presented on each trial ...
Tania A Mann, Peter Walker (J Child Psychol Psychiatry, 200302)
autism-deficit-broadening-spread-visual-attention.asp

46.

Does parental ADHD bias maternal reports of ADHD symptoms in children?

Within families, co-occurring attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in parents and children may be common. The authors evaluated the hypothesis that parental ADHD may lead to a reporting bias of ADHD symptoms in offspring. They combined 2 ...
Stephen V Faraone, Michael C Monuteaux, Joseph Biederman, Sharon L Cohan, Eric Mick (J Consult Clin Psychol, 200302)
parental-adhd-bias-maternal-reports-adhd-symptoms-children.asp

47.

A survey of the quality of web based information on the treatment of schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically assess the quality, accountability and readability of Internet information on the treatment of schizophrenia and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), using a standardized pro forma. METHOD: We analysed the 20 most ...
Stephen Kisely, Greg Ong, Ashish Takyar (Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 200302)
survey-quality-web-based-information-treatment-schizophrenia.asp

48.

The effect of methylphenidate on three forms of response inhibition in boys with AD/HD.

The current study was aimed at (a) investigating the effect of three doses methylphenidate (MPH) and placebo on inhibition of a prepotent response, inhibition of an ongoing response, and interference control in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ...
Anouk Scheres, Jaap Oosterlaan, James Swanson, Sharon Morein-Zamir, Nachson Meiran, Harry Schut, Laurens Vlasveld, Joseph A Sergeant (J Abnorm Child Psychol, 200302)
effect-methylphenidate-three-forms-response-inhibition-boys-ad-hd.asp

49.

Disentangling weak coherence and executive dysfunction: planning drawing in autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

A tendency to focus on details at the expense of configural information, weak coherence, has been proposed as a cognitive style in autism. In the present study we tested whether weak coherence might be the result of executive dysfunction, by testing ...
Rhonda Booth, Rebecca Charlton, Claire Hughes, Francesca Happé (Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci, 200302)
disentangling-weak-coherence-executive-dysfunction-planning-drawing.asp

50.

Development of pro- and antisaccades in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and healthy controls.

To date, the investigation of the antisaccade task, a simple test of "executive functions," in children with ADHD has yielded inconsistent results. The present study aimed at contributing to this issue by (a) the investigation of a large sample of ...
C H Klein, A Raschke, A Brandenbusch (Psychophysiology, 200301)
development-pro-antisaccades-children-attention-deficit-hyperactivity.asp