Attention

181.

The Snodgrass and Vanderwart set revisited: norms for object manipulability and for pictorial ambiguity of objects, chimeric objects, and nonobjects.

In this paper, we propose a standardized set of 480 black-and-white line drawings, half meaningful and half meaningless. Meaningful pictures represent a common object, and were selected from the Snodgrass and Vanderwart set (1980). Meaningless pictures ...
M N Magnié, M Besson, M Poncet, C Dolisi (J Clin Exp Neuropsychol, 200306)
snodgrass-vanderwart-set-revisited-norms-object-manipulability.asp

182.

Sustained attention impairment correlates to gray matter decreases in first episode neuroleptic-naive schizophrenic patients.

Impaired sustained attention seems to be a specific neuropsychological deficit that is closely linked to schizophrenia. Voxel based morphometry has emerged as a useful tool for the detection of subtle gray matter (GM) abnormalities. The aim of our study ...
Pilar Salgado-Pineda, Immaculada Baeza, Mercedes Pérez-Gómez, Pere Vendrell, Carme Junqué, Nuria Bargalló, Miquel Bernardo (Neuroimage, 200306)
sustained-attention-impairment-correlates-gray-matter-decreases-first.asp

183.

Validation of a driving simulator by measuring the visual attention skill of older adult drivers.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to validate a laboratory-based driving simulator as an off-road screening tool for older adult drivers by measuring their visual attention skill, and to determine how the visual attention skill changes across time ...
Hoe C Lee, Andy H Lee, Don Cameron (Am J Occup Ther, 200305-06)
validation-driving-simulator-measuring-visual-attention-skill-older.asp

184.

Working memory and language: an overview.

Working memory involves the temporary storage and manipulation of information that is assumed to be necessary for a wide range of complex cognitive activities. In 1974, Baddeley and Hitch proposed that it could be divided into three subsystems, one ...
Alan Baddeley (J Commun Disord, 200305-06)
working-memory-language-overview.asp

185.

Brain activation patterns during a selective attention test-a functional MRI study in healthy volunteers and patients with schizophrenia.

Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to compare cortical activation patterns in healthy volunteers with those in patients with schizophrenia during a modified verbal Stroop task. Healthy subjects (n=13) and patients with schizophrenia (n=13) on ...
Elisabeth M Weiss, Stephan Golaszewski, Felix M Mottaghy, Alex Hofer, Armand Hausmann, Georg Kemmler, Christian Kremser, Claudia Brinkhoff, Stephan R Felber, W Wolfgang Fleischhacker (Psychiatry Res, 200305)
brain-activation-patterns-selective-attention-test-functional-mri.asp

186.

Attentional focus influences the walk-run transition in human locomotion.

This study tested the hypothesis that cognitive perceptual processes are involved in determining the walk-run transition in human locomotion. In a dual-task paradigm, 12 healthy male participants (aged 21.8+/-2.4 years) walked and ran on a treadmill ...
Gregory L Daniels, Karl M Newell (Biol Psychol, 200305)
attentional-focus-influences-walk-run-transition-human-locomotion.asp

187.

Transient spatial attention degrades temporal resolution.

To better understand the interplay between the temporal and spatial components of visual perception, we studied the effects of transient spatial attention on temporal resolution. Given that spatial attention sharpens spatial resolution, can it also ...
Yaffa Yeshurun, Liat Levy (Psychol Sci, 200305)
transient-spatial-attention-degrades-temporal-resolution.asp

188.

Speech shadowing while driving: on the difficulty of splitting attention between eye and ear.

We investigated the role of cross-modal links in spatial attention in modulating the efficiency of dual-task performance. The difficulty of combining speech shadowing with a simulated driving task was modulated by the spatial location from which the ...
Charles Spence, Liliana Read (Psychol Sci, 200305)
speech-shadowing-driving-difficulty-splitting-attention-eye-ear.asp

189.

A physiological correlate of the "Zoom Lens" of visual attention.

Attending a certain region in space enhances activity in visual areas retinotopically mapped to this region; stimuli presented in this region are preferentially processed. The zoom lens model of visual attention proposes that the attended region can be ...
Notger G Müller, Oliver A Bartelt, Tobias H Donner, Arno Villringer, Stephan A Brandt (J Neurosci, 200305)
physiological-correlate-zoom-lens-visual-attention.asp

190.

The undershoot bias: learning to act optimally under uncertainty.

Learning in stochastic environments is increasingly viewed as an important psychological ability. To extend these results from a perceptual to a motor domain, we tested whether participants could learn to solve a stochastic minimal-time task using ...
Sascha E Engelbrecht, Neil E Berthier, Laura P OSullivan (Psychol Sci, 200305)
undershoot-bias-learning-act-optimally-under-uncertainty.asp