Association Learning

21.

Practice-related effects demonstrate complementary roles of anterior cingulate and prefrontal cortices in attentional control.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLFPC), not the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), plays the predominant role in implementing top-down attentional control. To do so, we used fMRI to examine ...
M P Milham, M T Banich, E D Claus, N J Cohen (Neuroimage, 200302)
practice-related-effects-demonstrate-complementary-roles-anterior.asp

22.

Objects and their actions: evidence for a neurally distributed semantic system.

An influential model of conceptual knowledge claims that objects are represented in a distributed network of cortical areas that store information about different types of attributes, such as form, colour, and motion (A. Martin et al., 2000, in: The ...
L K Tyler, E A Stamatakis, E Dick, P Bright, P Fletcher, H Moss (Neuroimage, 200302)
objects-actions-evidence-neurally-distributed-semantic-system.asp

23.

Learning about cues in their absence: evidence from flavour preferences and aversions.

A simple behavioural task may involve the presentation of two or more stimuli. Any learning that takes place in such a situation may be analysed in terms of the formation of an association between the central representations of those stimuli. Presumably ...
D M Dwyer (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200302)
learning-cues-absence-evidence-flavour-preferences-aversions.asp

24.

Learned irrelevance: a contemporary overview.

This article reviews the recent literature on the topic of learned irrelevance. It asks whether the retardation of subsequent conditioning produced by uncorrelated preexposure is indeed the result of the animal learning that a conditioned stimulus (CS) ...
Charlotte Bonardi, Siaw Yann Ong (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200302)
learned-irrelevance-contemporary-overview.asp

25.

Absence of overshadowing and blocking between landmarks and the geometric cues provided by the shape of a test arena.

In three experiments rats were required to escape from a pool of water by swimming to a submerged platform. The position of the platform was determined by the shape of the pool, which was either rectangular or triangular. A landmark that was located on ...
Andrew Hayward, Anthony McGregor, Mark A Good, John M Pearce (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200302)
absence-overshadowing-blocking-landmarks-geometric-cues-provided.asp

26.

The palm IAT: a portable version of the implicit association task.

The Implicit Association Test (IAT) uses reaction times to measure implicit linkages among concepts or between concepts and attributes. The Palm IAT is a simplified version of the IAT that runs on Palm Pilot or Handspring Visor personal digital assistant ...
James M Dabbs, Jonathan F Bassett, Natalia V Dyomina (Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput, 200302)
palm-iat-portable-version-implicit-association-task.asp

27.

Context-sensitive elemental theory.

My theories of associative learning, like those of N. J. Mackintosh and almost all learning theorists, have employed elemental representations of the stimuli involved. We must take notice when two important contributors to elemental theory, J. M. Pearce ...
Allan R Wagner (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200302)
context-sensitive-elemental-theory.asp

28.

An enquiry into the process of categorization of pictures and words.

This paper reports a series of experiments conducted to study the categorization of pictures and words. Whereas some studies reported in the past have found a picture advantage in categorization, other studies have yielded no differences between pictures ...
Madhubalan Viswanathan, Terry L Childers (Percept Mot Skills, 200302)
enquiry-process-categorization-pictures-words.asp

29.

Learned associability and associative change in human causal learning.

The Mackintosh (1975) model of associative learning specifies that processing of both the cues presented on a trial and the outcome of that trial will interact to determine the amount of associative change undergone by a given cue. Experiments looking at ...
M E Le Pelley, I P L McLaren (Q J Exp Psychol B, 200302)
learned-associability-associative-change-human-causal-learning.asp

30.

How specific is the shape bias?

Children tend to extend object names on the basis of sameness of shape, rather than size, color, or material-a tendency that has been dubbed the "shape bias." Is the shape bias the result of well-learned associations between words and objects? Or does it ...
Gil Diesendruck, Paul Bloom (Child Dev, 200301-02)
specific-shape-bias.asp