Association Learning

1.

Measuring the activation level of critical lures in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm.

In four experiments, the activation level in memory of critical lures was assessed after encoding Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) lists. The results demonstrated that studying longer, 14-item lists resulted in superadditive priming of the lures because ...
Thomas W Hancock, Jason L Hicks, Richard L Marsh, Lorie Ritschel (Am J Psychol, 2003SPRING)
measuring-activation-level-critical-lures-deese-roediger-mcdermott.asp

2.

Encoding predictive reward value in human amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex.

Adaptive behavior is optimized in organisms that maintain flexible representations of the value of sensory-predictive cues. To identify central representations of predictive reward value in humans, we used reinforcer devaluation while measuring neural ...
Jay A Gottfried, John ODoherty, Raymond J Dolan (Science, 200308)
encoding-predictive-reward-value-human-amygdala-orbitofrontal-cortex.asp

3.

Functional connectivity of the medial temporal lobe relates to learning and awareness.

Learning with awareness is believed to require the involvement of the medial temporal lobe (MTL). In this study, the hypothesis tested was that this involvement is best appreciated by the pattern of MTL functional connectivity with other brain areas. In ...
Anthony Randal McIntosh, M Natasha Rajah, Nancy J Lobaugh (J Neurosci, 200307)
functional-connectivity-medial-temporal-lobe-relates-learning.asp

4.

Training monitoring skills improves older adults self-paced associative learning.

We investigated a memory-enhancement program that involved teaching older adults to regulate study through self-testing. A regulation group was taught standard strategies along with self-testing techniques for identifying less well-learned items that ...
John Dunlosky, Alycia K Kubat-Silman, Christopher Hertzog (Psychol Aging, 200306)
training-monitoring-skills-improves-older-adults-self-paced.asp

5.

Event-related brain potentials in memory: correlates of episodic, semantic and implicit memory.

OBJECTIVE: To study cognitive evoked potentials, recorded from scalp EEG and foramen ovale electrodes, during activation of explicit and implicit memory. The subgroups of explicit memory, episodic and semantic memory, are looked at separately. METHODS: A ...
Stephan Wieser, Heinz Gregor Wieser (Clin Neurophysiol, 200306)
event-related-brain-potentials-memory-correlates-episodic-semantic.asp

6.

Cognitive representation of negative numbers.

To understand negative numbers, must we refer to positive number representations (the phylogenetic hypothesis), or do we acquire a negative mental number line (the ontogenetic hypothesis)? In the experiment reported here, participants made lateralized ...
Martin H Fischer (Psychol Sci, 200305)
cognitive-representation-negative-numbers.asp

7.

Experimental manipulation of prior experience: Effects on item and associative recognition.

Frequency of exposure to very low- and high-frequency words was manipulated in a three-phase (familiarisation, study, and test) design. During familiarisation, words were presented with their definition (once, four times, or not presented). One week ...
Kerry A Chalmers, Michael S Humphreys (Memory, 200305)
experimental-manipulation-prior-experience-effects-item-associative.asp

8.

Human causality judgments and response rates on DRL and DRH schedules of reinforcement.

The effect of various relationships between a response (an investment made in the context of a game) and an outcome (a return on the investment) on judgments of the causal effectiveness of the response was examined. In Experiment 1, response rates and ...
Phil Reed (Learn Behav, 200305)
human-causality-judgments-response-rates-drl-drh-schedules.asp

9.

Assessing power PC.

In a recent theoretical paper, Cheng (1997) presented a new causal model, power PC. She argued that power PC was able to account for data in the literature that raised problems for associative models--notably, the Rescorla-Wagner model (Rescorla & ...
Lorraine G Allan (Learn Behav, 200305)
assessing-power-pc.asp

10.

The role of sensory preconditioning in memory retrieval by preverbal infants.

Infants memories are highly specific to their training stimuli; they rarely transfer learned responding. In two experiments, we asked whether sensory preconditioning facilitates the transfer of deferred imitation. In Experiments 1A and 1B, 6-month-olds ...
Rachel Barr, Heidi Marrott, Carolyn Rovee-Collier (Learn Behav, 200305)
role-sensory-preconditioning-memory-retrieval-preverbal-infants.asp